MINISTRY OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS Executive Summary The concept of Cybersecurity has evolved since the dawn of the first computers until today; the greatest challenge is securing the data, systems and processes safeguarded in them and shared through data networks such as the Internet. Already in 1961 appear the first articles on the creation of a global data network, and for 1980 the Internet network presentation is performed, based on two IP protocols (Internet Protocol) and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). This being the beginning of the network as such, later the WWW (World Wide Web - 1991) services were added. Every technological advance implies a security challenge, from avoiding data theft from computers, action applied directly to them, or else with the global data networks, avoid nonauthorized accesses and malicious with the purpose of extracting data and using them for unethical ends. The world does not stop; innovation and constant discovery are essential to the technological industry’s survival and for the growth of people. Governments are affected by different kinds of attacks and intentions; from the simple game of a youth experimenting and challenging the system, to the clear intention of harming a country’s systems and infrastructure. Today we are a village; as such we face powerful challenges; from the perspective of securing the world’s people data to the protection of the values enshrined in the universal declaration of human rights. Human beings’ intelligence is always proactive, searches new solutions, seeks new paths; this is not unfamiliar to hackers, who from their perspective it’s a challenge to undermine different bodies in order to obtain a personal achievement, an economic gratification or else contribute with governments and enterprises in the espionage of facilities and infrastructures. But these attacks must be repelled, with intelligence and coordinated actions so that society, as we are structuring it today, is not prey of a few, who for fun or consciously are determined to infringe it. -7www.micitt.go.cr