A/74/120 (v) Collaboration among multi-stakeholders Cyberspace is a multidimensional world established through the activities of multi-stakeholders, including the State, local governments, critical infrastructure operators, cyberrelated and other businesses, education and research institutions, and individuals. For the sustainable development of cyberspace, all actors are required to consciously fulfil their respective roles and responsibilities. This will require coordination and collaboration in addition to individual efforts. States have the leading role in promoting this coordination and collaboration and will promote measures enabling the fulfilment of such roles. 2. Efforts taken at the national level to strengthen information security and promote international cooperation in the field Efforts taken at the national level to strengthen information security In Japan, the legal foundation for the utilization of data has been prepared, including the Basic Act on the Advancement of Public and Private Sector Data Utilization and the Amended Act on the Protection of Personal Information, etc. The Government has also adopted a policy of realizing an anthropocentric society that achieves both economic development and the resolution of social issues through the high level of integration of cyberspace with real space. Under these circumstances, the massive amounts of data generated by sensors and devices in real space are currently being accumulated and analysed in cyberspace. Furthermore, the provision in real space of new products and services that add value through the use of data can be seen cyclically emerging and developing in numerous domains. No lo nger do cyberspace and real space exist as independent entities, but as mutually interacting entities, such that they cannot be considered separate anymore. Therefore, the two spaces should be seen as a single continuously evolving organic entity. The unification of cyberspace and real space significantly increases the potential for affording abundance to society. At the same time, it also increases the opportunities for malicious actors to abuse cyberspace. The risk of economic and social loss or damage in real space is expected to expand and accelerate exponentially. Under these circumstances, the security of cyberspace, which serves as the foundation of economic society, must be ensured, and at the same time, its autonomously sustained evolution and development have to be ensured in order to achieve sustainable progress and wealth for society. Recently, there has been a trend for certain nations to respond to cyberthreats by emphasizing management and control by the State from a dominant position. However, the strengthening of management and control of cyberspace by the State have the effect of hindering the possibility of autonomous and sustainable development. Thus, the cyberspace of today that developed through the autonomous initiatives of all stakeholders must be respected, and cybersecurity must be secured through collaborative and cooperative initiatives with those stakeholders. Based on this understanding, mindful of the state of affairs to be pursued for 2020 and beyond and taking into consideration the hosting of such international events as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad and the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games (hereinafter referred to as “the Tokyo 2020 Games”), Japan will spare no efforts regarding cybersecurity measures by clarifying the basic vis ion of cybersecurity, identifying new issues that need to be tackled and swiftly implementing measures. Efforts taken at the national level to promote international cooperation Because the effects of incidents in cyberspace can easily extend beyond n ational borders, cyberincidents overseas can always affect Japan. Japan will cooperate and 30/39 19-10580