A/68/156/Add.1 users, lack of qualified personnel and differences in legislation regulating e-communications around the world. States must join forces and cooperate to combat information security threats, enhance their response preparedness, raise global awareness of the issue and share pertinent information and expertise. 2. Efforts taken at the national level to strengthen information security and promote international cooperation in this field • The Telecommunications Regulatory Authority was established in 2002 and the Information Technology Authority in 2006, to regulate the telecommunications and information technology sectors; • Relevant legislation has been promulgated, namely the Electronic Transactions Act, issued by Royal Decree No. 69/2008, and the Telecommunications Regulatory Act, issued by Royal Decree No. 30/2002; • The International Telecommunication Union and the International Multilateral Partnership Against Cyber Threats (IMPACT) recently established the first cybersecurity centre for the Arab region in Oman; • In order to address technical risks and threats, the Information Technology Authority established a National Computer Emergency Response Team in April 2010; • Through the Information Technology Authority, Oman is a member of numerous relevant regional and international agencies, including the Organization of the Islamic Conference Computer Emergency Response Team (OIC-CERT), the Gulf Cooperation Council Computer Emergency Response Teams (GCC-CERT) and the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST). Many Omani institutions have obtained ISO certification; • The competent institutions continuously update their strategies; • Government authorities have access to a range of information security technologies and programmes; • A centre has been established to safeguard Government networks; • Hosting services have been established that offer safeguards for Government websites; • Technical support is provided to strengthen information security; • A range of policies and standards on information security have been adopted; • A series of specialist training sessions have been held on information security; • Various awareness-raising campaigns have been organized; • Programmes have been conducted to evaluate information emergency response preparedness; • A number of pertinent regional and global workshops and conferences have been convened; • Awareness-raising events have been held at the local level; • All sectors of society have been involved in efforts to promote information security; 13-47545 19/24