Portuguese Official Journal, Series 1 — No. 108 — 5 June, 2019 use of new technologies. Therefore, the following lines of action shall be adopted: Develop and reinforce the cyber defence capacity to ensure the conduction of military operations in cyberspace, ensuring the country's freedom of action in the cyberspace and, where necessary and determined, the proactive exploitation of the cyberspace to prevent or hinder its hostile use against the national interest; Adapt, for crisis management purposes, the capabilities of the Armed Forces, Security Forces and Services and other public and private entities, with the objective of boosting an integrated approach to the threats and risks of cyberspace security; Carry out an assessment of the needs for revision and updating of legislation. Accordingly, the competent authorities should take the necessary measures to enable them to prepare such draft legislation as may be necessary, both in the area of substantive criminal law and in procedural and institutional, police and judicial cooperation, national and international instruments; Assess in the context of cyber-crime the need to adjust criminal procedural rules to the global challenges it poses, and in particular as regards possible cross-border access to data (digital evidence), possible cooperation with foreign communications operators and speeding up online investigative actions, including those that may fall within the context of covert actions under the law; Consider updating the existing legal framework for data retention and the legal framework for the seizure of e-mail and other similar communications; Enhance threat response capacity by maximizing the synergies created by the cooperation and trust that exist between computer security incident response teams, enabling the creation of new teams of this nature in all public and private bodies, with responsibility for the security of network and information systems; Promote, at the sectoral and business level, the creation of outside operational and technical information sharing fora, a coordinated response to security incidents and the production of specific safety references, ensuring their connection with their international counterparts, if any, and their alignment with the relevant references; Consolidate and promote the national capacity to know cyberspace security threats, in a collaborative manner between national authorities with responsibility in this area and with the active participation of public and private bodies, thereby producing and sharing aggregate knowledge that enable anticipation of impacts, proactive action and better awareness of the threat for all concerned; Encourage and boost the participation of computer security incident response teams in national and international cyberspace security fora, benefiting from knowledge sharing and peer confidence building. 2893 individual and collective capacities of the public and private sector, academia and industry. The task of creating these technological capacities lies primarily with the National Scientific and Technological System, including companies, public and private institutions, within the framework of their national and international commitments, assumed in fora, organizations and partnership systems representing Portugal. Therefore, the following lines of action shall be adopted: Promote scientific production, development and innovation in the various fields of cyberspace security with the aim of maintaining and affirming national independence in this field; Stimulate and leverage through appropriate funding the country's scientific, technical and industrial capacities, with particular emphasis on critical domains and emerging technologies, giving priority to the development of cybersecurity technologies and meeting identified innovation needs; Support the stakeholders participation in research, development and innovation in international projects; Enhance the synergies arising from the national participation in the various international fora in this field and the presence in the national territory of international organizations dedicated to research, development and innovation in this area; Enhance national synergies and address ongoing cooperative efforts in international organizations of which Portugal is an integral part, notably within the framework of the European Union (pooling & sharing), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (smart defence) and multinational initiatives to, in collaboration with universities, research centres and industry, to develop technological solutions of interest for dual civil and military use; Promote the development of secure by design and secure by default products, systems and services; Participate in the work of national and international technical committees to implement internationally accepted technical standards and specifications applicable to the security of network and information systems, without imposing or discriminating in favour of the use of a particular type of technology; Promote innovation combined with the State’s cybersecurity through the most effective information and communication technologies, in accordance with other relevant national strategies, notably the Strategy for Digital Transformation in Public Administration — ICT 2020 Strategy as well as the “Digital Development Strategy National Digital Skills Initiative e.2030 — INCoDe.2030”; Ensure the articulation of public and private entities, academia and business, namely, the entrepreneurial ecosystem and clusters, promoting the technological innovation in the country; Promote foreign investment in cyberspace security. Axis 6 — Axis 5 — Research, development and innovation: Building technological capabilities in the field of cybersecurity is key in this Strategy for a sustained development and the relevant observation of the future. As a result, it aims to strengthen, support and promote the national research, development and innovation potential of cuttingedge cybersecurity processes and technologies, based on the National and international cooperation: In a highly interconnected and interdependent world, cyberspace security requires a strong cooperation and collaboration between national and international allies and partners, building on the development of mutual trust. This is a key factor in enhancing the resilience of the network in which all co-workers participate. As a result, this Strategy calls for an enhanced duty of cooperation between national structures and entities with responsibility in areas contributing to the