16. Decommissioning and Disposal ................................................................................................ 66 16.1. System Decommissioning .................................................................................................. 66 16.2. Media Usage ...................................................................................................................... 68 16.3. Media Sanitization ............................................................................................................. 69 16.4. Media Destruction ............................................................................................................. 70 17. Software Security ...................................................................................................................... 71 17.1. Standard Operating Environments .................................................................................... 71 17.2. Application Whitelisting .................................................................................................... 74 17.3. Web Applications............................................................................................................... 75 17.4. Software Application Development .................................................................................. 77 17.5. Web Application Development ......................................................................................... 78 18. Email Security............................................................................................................................ 80 18.1. Email Applications ............................................................................................................. 80 18.2. Email Infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 80 19. Access Control ........................................................................................................................... 84 19.1. Identification and Authentication ..................................................................................... 84 19.2. System Access .................................................................................................................... 87 19.3. Privileged Access ............................................................................................................... 87 19.4. Remote Access ................................................................................................................... 88 19.5. Event Logging and Auditing ............................................................................................... 88 20. Cryptography ............................................................................................................................ 91 20.1. Cryptographic Fundamentals ............................................................................................ 91 20.2. Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security .......................................................... 91 20.3. Secure Shell ....................................................................................................................... 92 20.4. Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension .................................................................. 94 20.5. Open PGP Message Format ............................................................................................... 94 20.6. Internet Protocol Security ................................................................................................. 95 20.7. Key Management............................................................................................................... 96 21. Network Security ...................................................................................................................... 99 4

Select target paragraph3