In the Political Field...................................................................................................... In the Economic Field.................................................................................................. In the Scientific Technological Field............................................................................. In the Social Field........................................................................................................ Management Modernization................................................................................................ Defense Industrial Base (BID)............................................................................................. Brazil Among the Ten biggest Conventional Weapons Exporters in 2011......................... Science, Technology and Innovation............................................................................... 210 211 211 212 212 212 215 219 CHAPTER 6 — DEFENSE ECONOMICS 221 Defense Budget................................................................................................................... 221 General Rules.................................................................................................................. 221 Budget Process................................................................................................................ 222 Defense Budget Principles.............................................................................................. 223 Defense Budget Programs.............................................................................................. 223 Defense Expenditures......................................................................................................... 224 International Scope......................................................................................................... 224 National Scope................................................................................................................ 227 APPENDIX APPENDIX I........................................................................................................................ 237 Personnel......................................................................................................................... 237 2012 Military Personnel............................................................................................... 237 2012 Military Personnel by Location............................................................................ 238 2012 Military Personnel in Peacekeeping Missions..................................................... 239 2012 Military Attachés Abroad..................................................................................... 239 2012 Civilian Personnel in the Ministry of Defense...................................................... 240 Defense Equipment......................................................................................................... 241 2012 Fleet Resources.................................................................................................. 241 2012 Fleet Aviation....................................................................................................... 241 2012 Naval Districts’ Resources................................................................................... 242 2012 Naval Districts’ Aviation Resources.................................................................... 242 2012 Marine Corps Resources..................................................................................... 243 2012 Hydro-oceanographic and Beaconing Resources............................................... 243 2012 Army Resources.................................................................................................. 243 2012 Air Force Resources............................................................................................ 244 Defense Budget............................................................................................................... 245 Budget Endowment (2011R$ Million Allocated)............................................................ 245 Expenditure by Organization (2011 R$ Million Liquidated)........................................... 246 Expenditure by Type of Expense (2011 R$ Million Liquidated).................................... 247 Personnel and Social Services Expenditure (2011 R$ Million Liquidated)................... 247 Debt Expenditure (2011 R$ Million Liquidated)............................................................ 248 Administrative Expenditure (2011 R$ Million Liquidated)............................................. 248 Investment Expenditure (2011 R$ Million Liquidated).................................................. 249 Tax collection (2011 R$ Million).................................................................................... 249