forums have gained similar importance to those that were consolidated in the 20th
Century in accordance with a bipolar and exclusionary logic. In the context of the
strategic environment of this century, some scenarios may be noted:
CHAPTER 2 — THE 21st CENTURY STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT
a) unipolarity: one nation dominant over the international system. Although unipolar
reassertion cannot be dismissed, it is unlikely that any single force may be able to solely
administer global phenomena, considering the structural crisis in the developed world
and the growing presence of new actors;
b) bipolarity or tripolarity: in this scenario, the competition and coordination between
two or few powers will determine the actions of all other actors in the system. From
a strategic viewpoint, it seems unlikely that this scenario, which occurred in the 20th
century, will again determine the international system for the next decades; and
c) multipolarity: represents the power structure which will probably mark the strategic
environment in the next decades. The multipolar structure refers to the coexistence
of several centers of power in the international system, each influencing the other’s
actions. The balance of power checks the influence of nations with hegemonic
intentions.
In multipolarity, conflict and cooperation dynamics naturally coexist in relations among
states. The multipolar structure, however, will be shaped by the prevailing dynamic.
If conflict predominates over cooperation, multilateral coordination mechanisms would
weaken. This is a scenario to be avoided. Should the reverse occur, however multilateral
forums would be favored.
In this new world order, Brazil must contribute with actions and opinions in favor of
a multipolar and cooperative environment, in accordance with its historical defense of
international law.
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