Cyber Threat Encryption A threat actor, using the internet, who takes advantage of a Cryptology is discipline that embodies principles, means, and known vulnerability in a product for the purposes of exploiting a methods for the transformation of data in order to hide its network and the information the network carries. information content, prevent its undetected modification and/or Cybercrime prevent its unauthorized use. The conversion of the information A crime committed with the aid of, or directly involving, a data into this new protected form is referred to as encryption. The processing system or computer network. The computer or its conversion of information back to its original form is decryption. data may be the target of the crime or the computer may be the Hacker tool with which the crime is committed. Someone who uses computers and the Internet to access Cyberspace computers and servers without permission. The electronic world created by interconnected networks of Insider Threat information technology and the information on those networks. A malicious threat to an organization that comes from people It is a global commons where more than 3 billion people are within the organization, such as employees, former employees, linked together to exchange ideas, services, and friendship. contractors or business associates, who have inside information Data Breach concerning the organization’s security practices, data and The unauthorized disclosure of information that compromises computer systems. the security, confidentiality, or integrity of personally identifiable Intellectual Property (IP) information. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) intellectual property (IP) is a creation of the mind. IP includes A type of denial of service attack in which an attacker uses a inventions, literary and artistic works, designs and symbols, and malicious code installed on various computers to attack a single names and images used in business. target. Internet-of-things E-Commerce The interconnection via the internet of computing devices The buying and selling of information, products and services via embedded in everyday objects, enabling them to send and the internet. receive data. 34 of 35 • NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY STRATEGY