(i) Amending the Computer Misuse and Cybersecurity Act 36. The primary legislation that deals with cybercrime is the Computer Misuse and Cybersecurity Act (CMCA). The Act was last amended in 2013 to better protect Singapore’s Critical Infocomm Infrastructure (CII) against cyber threats. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) intends to amend the CMCA, to ensure that the Act continues to be effective in dealing with the transnational nature of cybercrimes, as well as the evolving tactics of cybercriminals. (ii) Reviewing other laws 37. In addition to amending the CMCA, MHA will also review other laws (e.g. the Criminal Procedure Code) to ensure that these laws are relevant in dealing with traditional crimes that are committed in cyberspace. (iii) Strengthening regulatory frameworks 38. Aside from public education and outreach, a key method of cybercrime prevention is to increase the difficulty of committing such offences by plugging potential loopholes in digital platforms and processes. The Government will regularly review regulatory frameworks, to ensure that cybercriminals are not able to exploit vulnerabilities in technology. KEY PRIORITY #4: STEPPING UP PARTNERSHIPS AND INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT Industry and Academic Partnerships 39. The private sector plays a critical role in Singapore’s fight against cybercrime, as the leading expertise to deal with cybercrimes likely resides within industry and IHLs. Given the rapidly evolving nature of cybercrime, it is important for the Government to work closely with industry and IHLs, so that the necessary information and expertise to deal with the latest threat posed by cybercrime can be shared seamlessly. 40. Key private sector stakeholders (e.g. the banking and IT industries) are attractive targets for cybercriminals. The Government needs to work with stakeholders in these industries to ensure that they are aware of the threat posed by cybercrime and that they adopt cybercrime prevention measures. 41. The Government will partner industry and IHLs to (i) increase awareness of cybercrimes in the private sector, and (ii) jointly develop capabilities to combat cybercrime. National Cybercrime Action Plan 13 OF 17