FINAL Plus Countries to enhance capacity in protecting the region’s cyberspace and addressing challenges to cybersecurity, related to the defence and military sectors; Welcoming the 2015 Report of the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security (UNGGE) and its recommendations; Acknowledging that voluntary, non-binding norms of responsible State behaviour in the ICT environment and implementation of confidence building measures can reduce risks to and strengthen international peace, security and stability and are important for cultivating trust and confidence and strengthening of a rules-based cyberspace; Noting that no State should conduct or knowingly support ICT-enabled theft of intellectual property, including trade secrets or other confidential business information, with the intent of providing competitive advantages to companies or commercial sectors; and Considering the importance of Governments’ engagement with relevant stakeholders in countering the misuse of the Internet, including for terrorist purposes; Hereby: 1. Commit to broadening and deepening our cooperation to promote an open, interoperable, reliable and secure ICT environment that fosters efficiency, innovation, communication and economic prosperity; 2. Reaffirm United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolution 71/28 and its call for all States to be guided in their use of ICTs by the 2015 Report of the UNGGE, including its recommendations to enhance trust, confidence and cooperation, as well as to promote an open, secure, stable, accessible and peaceful ICT environment; 3. Reaffirm that international law, and in particular the Charter of the United Nations (UN), is applicable and essential to maintaining peace and stability and promoting an open, secure, stable, accessible and peaceful ICT environment and recognise the need for further study of how international law applies to the use of ICTs by States; 4. Commit to increase efforts in implementing practical confidence-building measures to reduce the risk of misperception and escalation, including through the ARF ISM on ICTs Security; 5. Commit to promote certain voluntary, non-binding norms of responsible State behaviour in cyber space in peacetime, taking reference from the voluntary norms recommended in the 2015 Report of the UNGGE; 6. Pledge to expand cooperation on the strengthening of cybersecurity that includes promoting regional capacity building programmes such as the ASEAN Cyber Capacity 2