QATAR NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY STRATEGY Situational awareness is necessary to effectively detect, respond to, and recover from cyber incidents and attacks. Sector regulators and CSOs should have the capability to monitor network activity and maintain situational awareness. Information sharing among the critical sectors will further increase visibility into the current state of threats as well as provide an early warning system for preventing, detecting, and responding to cyber incidents and attacks. Qatar will establish the Cyber Security Coordination Office, which will report to the Prime Minister. The Office will be a focal point for coordinating core cyber security functions, including national cyber incident management. Collaboration and partnership among multiple stakeholders to share information and gain greater situational awareness of threats, incidents, and attacks will enhance Qatar’s ability to anticipate, respond to, and recover from incidents and attacks with minimum impact to government, businesses, and society. Furthermore, national and sector-specific cyber exercises will be held regularly to improve information sharing, collaboration, and coordination among stakeholders; identify risks; and drive improvements. Objective 3: Establish a legal and regulatory framework to enable a safe and vibrant cyberspace. To make progress against the objective, Qatar will: §§Increase capabilities to combat cyber crime; §§Develop and implement laws, regulations, and national policies to address cyber security and cyber crime;17 §§Monitor and enforce compliance with cyber security and cyber crime laws, regulations, and national policies; and §§Build and maintain strong international relationships to establish cyber security norms and standards. Qatar seeks a dynamic legal framework that can keep pace with an evolving cyber threat landscape and new technologies as government entities, businesses, and society continue to mature. The development, enactment, and enforcement of a comprehensive set of laws related to cyber security and cyber crime will empower organizations by clarifying roles and responsibilities. Qatar will collaboratively consider the perspectives and input of relevant government entities and institutions to develop these laws, regulations, and national policies. The Qatari government is committed to protecting its citizens and residents from cyber criminals. Qatar aims to combat cyber crime by neutralizing and reducing threats via enhanced law enforcement techniques and technologies related to gathering forensic evidence and investigating malicious activity. The interconnected and distributed nature of cyberspace allows malicious actors to easily cross geographic boundaries. Combating cyber crime and other threats requires international collaboration. The Qatari government will coordinate with the international community to enhance capabilities in Qatar and to combat cyber crime internationally. Furthermore, Qatar will establish entities and acquire the capabilities necessary to increase its ability to prevent and combat cyber crime. Participation in international efforts to develop global cyber security standards and norms, identify and promote best practices, modernize and increase privacy protections, and maintain stable and effective Internet governance will further position Qatar to meet its obligations in cyberspace. 11