Obsah 2 Introduction 2 Director’s Foreword 6 About the Report 7 List of abbreviations 8 The year 2023 in brief – Cybersecurity statistics for the Czech Republic 9 Summary of the Report on the State of Cybersecurity in the Czech Republic 2023 10 Cybersecurity in the Czech Republic in 2023 11 Summary of cyberspace developments in 2023 from the perspective of NÚKIB 14 Classification of cyber incidents reported to NÚKIB 15 Incidents as seen by entities 17 Cybersecurity budgeting 18 Workforce challenges 20 Workforce training 21 Cybersecurity threats and actors 22 Ongoing attempts by Russian and Chinese actors 23 North Korean and Iranian activities 24 Ransomware – Innovations in extortion tactics 25 Phishing – Increasing frequency and sophistication 27 Evolution of cybercrime in the Czech Republic since 2011 29 Sectors targeted by cyberattacks 30 Public sector 32 Financial sector 33 Industry and Energy 34 Healthcare sector 36 Education 38 4 Timeline of key warnings and alerts issued by NÚKIB in 2023