A/72/315 (b) The Netherlands supported the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research in the organization of a series of three workshops on cybernorms, international law and countering the spread of malicious tools and techniques, successfully bringing together diplomats and the technical community; (c) Last, the Netherlands launched numerous initiatives to foster gui ding norms, including the Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace, which will develop proposals for norms and policies to enhance international security and stability. All these efforts aim to make digitized international relations and cyberspac e itself more stable and secure. The Netherlands believes that this is essential in order to reduce the risks of conflict and to maintain an open, free and secure cyberspace. Norway [Original: English] [27 July 2017] Norway is among the world’s most digitalized countries and is increasingly dependent upon a well-functioning and secure cyberspace. It is firmly committed to a free, open, peaceful and secure cyberspace, so that its economic and social benefits are protected and available for all. Cyberspace knows no national boundaries and security in cyberspace can only be ensured on an international scale with close cooperation between States and the private sector. Efforts taken to strengthen information security National approaches The Government has issued a white paper entitled “ICT security: a joint responsibility” (2016-2017) which includes plans for a national framework for improved coordination between the relevant actors at the national level and the establishment of a technical platform for improved sharing of information between public and private entities. On 31 March 2017, the Combined Cyber Coordination Centre for the security and intelligence services was established. International approaches The Government has issued a white paper on global security challenges in its foreign policy (2014-2015), in which cyberthreats play a substantial part. Norway is about to launch an international strategy for cyberspace for the country. Norway takes part in several regional cooperation initiatives relevant to cyberissues, such as: (a) Work within Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) related to the development of norms and confidence -building measures to reduce the risk of conflict stemming from the use of information and communications technology (ICT); (b) Close cooperation with the Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in Tallinn, including the application of international law in the cyber domain and doctrine development; (c) 17-13876 The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime. 19/25