3 Malaysia Smart City Framework SMART CITY FRAMEWORK Concept of Smart City Globally The concept of smart city typically has three themes: 1. 2. 3. Using information, communication and digital technology to address urban challenges, improve urban management and quality of life, sustainability, efficiency and security. Increase economic and business activities. Continuous public participation and urban innovation. Generally, there is no universal definition for smart city. Although there is no standard for defining smart city, various organisations and researchers have defined it in their own terms. Among the smart city’s definition coined by researchers and organisations across the globe are as follows: 1 2 A city that monitors and integrates conditions of all of its critical infrastructures, including roads, bridges, tunnels, rails, subways, airports, seaports, communications, water, power, even major buildings, can better optimise its resources, plan its preventive maintenance activities, and monitor security aspects while maximising services to its citizens (Hall, 2000) A city well performing in a forward-looking way in economy, people, governance, mobility, environment, and living, built on the smart combination of endowments and activities of self-decisive, independent and aware citizens (Giffinger et al., 2007)