23 SECTION 6 : PRINCIPLES OF WAR “There exists a small number of fundamental principles of war, which may not be deviated from without danger, and the application of which, on the contrary, has been in all times crowned with glory”. – Jomini, Precis de l’ Art de la Guerre, 1838. 2.24 The Principles of War are broad guidelines which influence the conduct of war at every level of military operations. They are based on past experience wherein their application with judgement led to victory. They are not rules; yet disregarding them involves risk and could result in failure. These principles are outlined briefly in succeeding paragraphs. 2.25 Selection and Maintenance of Aim. The aim is expressed as an intention, purpose or end state. It should be selected carefully, defined clearly and stated simply and directly. Once selected, it must be maintained. 2.26 Maintenance of Morale. Morale is one of the more important elements of war. High morale fosters the offensive spirit and the will to win. 2.27 Offensive Action. Offensive action is the chief means of achieving victory. It results from offensive spirit and helps in the seizure and maintenance of initiative. 2.28 Surprise. Surprise implies catching the enemy off balance thereby forcing him to give battle in circumstances unfavourable to him. 2.29 Concentration of Force. Concentration of superior force at the chosen place and time ensures success in battle. 2.30 Security. Security relates to the physical protection of ground, troops, equipment, material and documents. It also involves denial of information.