R.11 The Task Force recommends that Partner States give consideration to the adoption of rules to protect communication intermediaries from liability for third-party content, subject to certain conditions. R.12 In order for the EAC to keep abreast and take advantage of emerging opportunities in cyberspace, the Task Force recommends that • Partner States should endeavour to research and implement institutional reforms to provide for policy formulation, implementation, regulations and private sector participation. • Consideration is given to institutional reforms at the EAC Secretarial level to carry forward emerging challenges in legal framework with respect to cyberlaw issues. R.13 The Task Force recommends that Partner States give consideration to granting delegated authority to a specified government ministry or department to adopt relevant secondary regulations concerning digital signatures and the provision of certification services. R.14 The Task Force makes the following additional recommendations in respect of electronic signatures: • That Partner States provide for a statutory definition for ‘signatures’ and ‘electronic signatures’ • That Partner States should support the principle of technology neutrality and promote interoperability in respect of ‘electronic signatures’ technologies • That Partner States should identify and recognise internationally standards in relation to the use and operation of electronic signatures • That Partner States should consider the need for an institutional framework to support the provision of certification and related services at both a national and regional level. R.15 The Task Force recommends that Partner States should undertake reform of their criminal laws to specifically provide for cybercrimes. R.16 The Task Force recommends that the impact of ICTs on criminal conduct be given due consideration whenever a Partner State engages in a review or examination of its criminal code in the course of a reform initiative. R.17 The Task Force recommends the following: • That Partner States undertake reform of substantive and procedural criminal laws to address the phenomenon of computer crime. 21

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