livelihood of individual Canadians at risk. Moreover, cyber incidents erode trust in the networks and operating systems in use, as well as in the public and private institutions responsible for safeguarding personal and sensitive information. The high economic and societal costs of cyber incidents underscore the importance of securing Canada’s critical infrastructure. The Government of Canada has two complementary procedures for when a cyber incident takes place. First, the Government of Canada Cyber Security Event Management Plan (GC CSEMP)59 provides a framework to manage cyber security events that affect, or threaten to affect, the Government of Canada’s ability to deliver programs and services to Canadians. Second, the Federal Cyber Incident Response Plan (FCIRP)60 is a coordination plan and information-sharing framework for when the Government of Canada is responding to significant cyber incidents affecting non-Government of Canada systems that are essential to the health, safety, security, defence, or economic well-being of Canadians. The Government of Canada recognizes the importance of working collectively to strengthen Canada’s critical infrastructure to deter cyber threats. Canada’s critical infrastructure is owned and managed by a variety of organizations, so all levels of government together with private industry must collaborate to ensure that information, operational technology, industrial control systems, and software supply chains are secure. The Government of Canada will continue working with partners and industry stakeholders as part of the Global Coalition on Telecommunications61 to foster diverse supply chains as well as secure and interoperable standards in the telecommunications sector. The Government of Canada will also support the work done by cyber security organizations and forums, such as the Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA) Canadian Shield62, Rogers Cybersecure Catalyst63, Canadian Cyber Threat Exchange64 (CCTX), and CANARIE65. In the future, the Canadian Cyber Defence Collective (CCDC) will also serve as an important forum for critical infrastructure discussions across sectors. 59 https://www.canada.ca/en/government/system/digital-government/online-security-privacy/security-identity-management/ government-canada-cyber-security-event-management-plan.html 60 https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/fdrl-cbr-ncdnt-rspns-pln-2023/index-en.aspx 61 https://ised-isde.canada.ca/site/ised/en/global-coalition-telecommunications-joint-statement-intent 62 https://www.cira.ca/en/canadian-shield/ 63 https://cybersecurecatalyst.ca/ 64 https://cctx.ca/ 65 https://www.canarie.ca/ 30 National Cyber Security Strategy