Experts (GGE), which delineated eleven voluntary, non-binding norms of responsible state behaviour. Ireland would welcome the elaboration of guidance in the next draft of the report, including based on discussions at past and future OEWG meetings, on how these existing norms, endorsed by consensus by all Member States, could be implemented and operationalised. Ireland agrees that gender perspectives should be mainstreamed into norm implementation (paragraph 34). E. Confidence-building measures (CBMs) Ireland recognises the very extensive work undertaken by regional organisations and stakeholder initiatives in promoting trust and confidence and broadly welcomes the proposal to establish a mechanism to share best practices on CBMs to support future initiatives. F. Capacity-building Ireland welcomes the emphasis in the pre-draft report on how effective capacity-building should support peaceful outcomes and can build resilience and underpin other areas of the OEWG’s agenda including adherence to international law, the voluntary non-binding norms of state behaviour, and CBMs. Ireland welcomes the acknowledgement of the value of existing guiding principles (including the Busan Principles) and the importance of stakeholder engagement in developing and implementing successful and sustainable capacity-building. Ireland would support greater linkage and integration with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Ireland also strongly supports efforts to tackle the gender digital divide and in this regard, would welcome stronger direct linkage with the Women, Peace and Security agenda. Ireland also supports the recommendation to build capacity to strengthen resilience and better protect critical infrastructure. 3