2- the addressee knew or should have known, had it exercised reasonable care or
used any agreed procedure, that the data message was not from the originator.
Article (7)
As between the originator and the addressee, an addressee may rely on the data message
where the data message is from the originator and to act upon it. The addressee is not
entitled to such reliance when it knew or should have known, had it exercised reasonable
care or used any agreed procedure, that data message as received was subject to error
resulting from the process of telecommunication.
Article (8)
The addressee is entitled to treat each data message received as a separate data message,
and to act on that treatment, except to the extent that it duplicates another data message
and the addressee knew or should have known, had it exercised reasonable care or used
any agreed procedure, that the data message was a duplicate.
Article (9)
Where the originator has requested or agreed with the addressee, on or before sending the
data message that the receipt of the data message be acknowledged, the data message will
be deemed as received by the addressee once the above-mentioned acknowledgement is
received by the originator. This does not imply that the content of the data message as
sent corresponds to the content as received.
Article (10)
Where the originator has not identified or agreed with the addressee that the
acknowledgement be given in a particular form or by a particular method, an
acknowledgement may be given by any communication by the addressee, automated or
otherwise, or any conduct of the addressee, sufficient to indicate to the originator that the
data message has been received.
Article (11)
Where the originator has stated that the data message is conditional on receipt of the
acknowledgement, the data message is treated as though it was not sent, until the
acknowledgement is received.
Where the originator has not previously stated that the data message is conditional on
receipt of an acknowledgement, and where an acknowledgement has not been received
7