Cybersecurity guide for developing countries TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE ............................................................................................................................. iii FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................. v HOW TO READ THIS GUIDE .......................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................... viii PART I – Cybersecurity – Context, challenges, solutions ................................................ 1 Section I.1 – Cyberspace and the information society ...................................................... 3 I.1.1 Digitization ......................................................................................................... 3 I.1.1.1 Digital information .................................................................................. 3 I.1.1.2 Digital technology ................................................................................... 3 I.1.1.3 Infrastructure and content ....................................................................... 4 I.1.2 The information revolution ................................................................................ 4 I.1.2.1 Innovation and development ................................................................... 4 I.1.2.2 Supporting the information revolution .................................................... 5 Section I.2 – Cybersecurity .................................................................................................. 6 I.2.1 The security context of the communication infrastructure ................................ 6 I.2.2 What is at stake with cybersecurity .................................................................... 7 I.2.3 The security deficit ............................................................................................. 9 I.2.4 Lessons to be drawn ........................................................................................... 10 I.2.4.1 Take charge of security ........................................................................... 10 I.2.4.2 Identify and manage the risks ................................................................. 10 I.2.4.3 Define a security policy .......................................................................... 11 I.2.4.4 Deploy the solutions................................................................................ 13 I.2.5 The management perspective ............................................................................. 13 I.2.5.1 Dynamic management............................................................................. 13 I.2.5.2 Outsourcing and dependence .................................................................. 14 I.2.5.3 Preventive and remedial action ............................................................... 14 Table of contents ix