4.2 ٍٔ‫رذذَبد األِٓ اٌغُجشا‬ Cyber Security Challenges There is a clear shift away from purely moneybased motivation and a raft of political and ideological ideas are now coming into play with cyberattacks. Recent cyberattacks indicate that there is going to be an increasingly prevalent role played by Government in cyber security over the period of this strategy, both through its own activity and through relationships with business, international partners and citizens. ‫ؼذ حُذحكغ‬٣ ُْ ‫ حُزلض‬٢ُ‫ٖٓ حُٔالكع إٔ حُذحكغ حُٔخ‬ ْ‫ذ ٓئخشح طؼخظ‬ٜ‫غ ٗش‬٤‫ ك‬،‫ش‬٤ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ـٔخص حُغ‬ُِٜ ‫كذ‬ٝ‫حأل‬ ‫ـٔخص‬ُٜ‫سحء ح‬ٝ ٖٓ ‫ش‬٤‫ؿ‬ُٞٝ‫ذ‬٣‫ش حال‬٤‫خع‬٤‫حكغ حُغ‬ٝ‫حُذ‬ ٢‫ش حُظ‬٤ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ـٔخص حُغ‬ُٜ‫ش ح‬ِٜ ‫ٔخ طُظ‬٤‫ ك‬،‫ش‬٤ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حُغ‬ ٍ‫ش خال‬٤ٔٛ‫ضدحد أ‬٤‫ٓش ع‬ٌٞ‫س حُل‬ٝ‫كظِض ٓئخشح إٔ د‬ ٍ‫حء ٖٓ خال‬ٞ‫خعش ع‬٤‫ حُغ‬ٙ‫ز‬ٛ ‫خ‬ٜ٤‫ طـط‬٢‫حُلظشس حُظ‬ ٖ٤٘‫حؽ‬ُٞٔ‫ ٖٓ خالٍ حُؼالهخص ٓغ ح‬ٝ‫حألٗشطش حُخخطش أ‬ .ٖ٤٤ُٝ‫حُششًخء حُذ‬ٝ ‫ش‬٣‫ش حالعظؼٔخس‬٣‫حُششًخص حُظـخس‬ٝ Internet of Things The increasing number of connected devices offers huge opportunity for economic growth, social inclusion and mobility, job creation and communication. There have been fragmented approaches to the security of these “things” which has provided an opportunity which hostile actors have been keen to exploit. Governments and business are increasingly reliant on the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) where devices utilise communications technologies to monitor, collect, exchange and analyse large amounts of data to drive better informed and faster decision making. ‫خء‬٤‫اٗظشٗض حألش‬ Ransomware The popularity of malware capable of encrypting or destroying files as an attack vector has grown steadily as the tactic has proved successful and its use is expected to be a feature of cyberattacks for some time to come. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Cyber criminals are using AI bots to place more targeted phishing adverts and emails, analysing large amounts of social media information to profile their targets. Online chat bots are also being seen more and more in use for customer service – positioning them as a system that people trust. Attackers will look to use this trust and build chatbots to try and obtain financial details from people. Serverless Apps Information is particularly at risk when users access an application off-server, locally on their device. When stored on server the owner is more able to control what security precautions are taken to ensure the user‟s data remains private from identity thieves and other cybercriminals. With serverless applications, however, security precautions are, by and large, the responsibility of the user. National Cyber Security Strategy 2018-2023 4.2 ‫ضس حُٔظظِش رخإلٗظشٗض‬ٜ‫ذ ٖٓ حألؿ‬٣‫كش حُؼذد حُٔظضح‬ٞ٣ ‫حُلشحى‬ٝ ‫حالدٓخؽ‬ٝ ١‫ حالهظظخد‬ُِٞٔ٘ ‫ذس‬٣‫كشطخ ٓظضح‬ ‫ال‬ٝ ،‫ذس‬٣‫ـخد كشص ػَٔ ؿذ‬٣‫ا‬ٝ َ‫حط‬ٞ‫حُظ‬ٝ ٢‫حُٔـظٔؼ‬ ‫خء‬٤‫ حألش‬ٙ‫ز‬ٛ ٖٓ‫ن أ‬٤‫ طلو‬٠ُ‫خدكش ا‬ُٜ‫خص ح‬٤‫ـ‬ُٜ٘ٔ‫طضحٍ ح‬ ٖ٤ٓ‫ق حُٔـخٍ أٓخّ حُٔـش‬٤‫ظ‬٣ ‫ ٓخ‬ٞٛٝ ،‫ٓظـضأس‬ .‫ٖ العظـالٍ رُي‬٤٤ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حُغ‬ ‫ اٗظشٗض‬٠ِ‫حُششًخص ػ‬ٝ ‫ٓخص‬ٌٞ‫ضدحد حػظٔخد حُل‬٣ ‫ضس‬ٜ‫ُ ٌِْٖٔ ُألؿ‬٣ ‫غ‬٤‫)؛ ك‬IIoT( ‫ش‬٤‫خء حُظ٘خػ‬٤‫حألش‬ ٍ‫طزخد‬ٝ ‫ؿٔغ‬ٝ ‫خ حالطظخالص ُٔشحهزش‬٤‫ؿ‬ٌُٞٞ٘‫حعظـالٍ ط‬ ٚ٤‫ؿ‬ٞ‫خٗخص ٖٓ أؿَ ط‬٤‫خص ػخٔش ٖٓ حُز‬٤ًٔ َ٤ِ‫طل‬ٝ .َ‫أكؼ‬ٝ ‫ش ط٘غ حُوشحس رشٌَ أعشع‬٤ِٔ‫ػ‬ ‫ش‬٣‫خص حُلذ‬٤‫رشٓـ‬ ّٞ‫ـ‬ُٜ‫حص ح‬ٝ‫ؼش ًؤكذ أد‬٤‫خص حُخز‬٤‫شس حُزشٓـ‬ٜ‫ٗٔض ش‬ ‫ش حُِٔلخص رشٌَ ٓؼطشد‬٤ٓ‫ طذ‬ٝ‫ش أ‬٤‫ طشل‬٠ِ‫حُوخدسس ػ‬ ‫خ‬ٜٓ‫ٕ حعظخذح‬ٌٞ٣ ٕ‫هغ أ‬ٞ‫ٖٓ حُٔظ‬ٝ .‫خ‬ٜ‫رؼذ إٔ أُػزِض ٗـخك‬ .َ‫ حُٔغظوز‬٢‫ش ك‬٤ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ـٔخص حُغ‬ُٜ‫ْ أشٌخٍ ح‬ٛ‫أكذ ح‬ ٢‫حُزًخء حالطط٘خػ‬ ‫ ٗشش اػالٗخص‬٢‫ ك‬٢‫ٕ حُزًخء حالطط٘خػ‬ٞٓ‫غظـَ حُٔـش‬٣ ‫ذس أًؼش حعظوطخرخ‬٤‫ ٓظظ‬٢ٗٝ‫ذ اٌُظش‬٣‫اسعخٍ سعخثَ رش‬ٝ ٍ‫رُي ٖٓ خال‬ٝ ،٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ حُلؼخء حُغ‬٢‫ُلجخص ٓلذدس ك‬ َ‫عخث‬ٝ ٖٓ ‫ش‬٤‫ٓخص حُٔظؤط‬ِٞ‫ش ٖٓ حُٔؼ‬٤‫َ ًْ ًز‬٤ِ‫طل‬ ٖٓ ،‫ذكش‬ٜ‫ذ حُلجخص حُٔغظ‬٣‫ ُظلذ‬٢‫حطَ حالؿظٔخػ‬ٞ‫حُظ‬ ٠ِ‫ذ حعظخذحّ ٗظخّ حُذسدشش ػ‬٣‫حُٔالكع ًزُي طضح‬ ‫زح‬ٛ ‫ٌغذ‬٣ ‫ ٓخ‬ٞٛٝ ،ٖ‫خص خذٓش حُضرخث‬٣‫حإلٗظشٗض ُـخ‬ ٠ُ‫ٕ ا‬ٞٔ‫خؿ‬ُٜٔ‫ ح‬٠‫غؼ‬٤‫ ع‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ٝ ،‫س‬ٜٞٔ‫حُ٘ظخّ ػوش حُـ‬ ٍٞ‫اٗشخء ٓ٘ظخص دسدشش ُِلظ‬ٝ ‫ حُؼوش‬ٙ‫ز‬ٛ ٍ‫حعظـال‬ .‫ش ٖٓ حُ٘خط‬٤ُ‫خٗخص ٓخ‬٤‫ ر‬٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّ‫حد‬ٞ‫ خ‬٠ِ‫ ال طؼظٔذ ػ‬٢‫وخص حُظ‬٤‫حُظطز‬ ّ‫ـش حعظخذح‬٤‫ش ٗظ‬٤‫ٓخص ُخطش ًز‬ِٞ‫طظؼشع حُٔؼ‬ ‫ضس‬ٜ‫ حألؿ‬٠ِ‫حدّ ػ‬ٞ‫ حُخ‬٠ِ‫وخص ال طؼظٔذ ػ‬٤‫ططز‬ ‫ٕ ٓخُي‬ٌٞ٣ ّ‫حد‬ٞ‫ حُخ‬٠ِ‫ٖ ػ‬٣‫ كؼ٘ذ حُظخض‬،‫ش‬٤‫حُشخظ‬ ‫ش‬٤٘ٓ‫خؽخص حأل‬٤‫خس حالكظ‬٤‫ حخظ‬٠ِ‫ٓخص أًؼش هذسس ػ‬ِٞ‫حُٔؼ‬ ‫خٗخص‬٤‫ش ر‬٤‫ط‬ٞ‫ خظ‬٠ِ‫ش ُؼٔخٕ حُللخظ ػ‬٣‫س‬ٝ‫حُؼش‬ ْٛ‫ش‬٤‫ؿ‬ٝ ‫ش‬٣ُٜٞ‫ ح‬٢‫خٗخص ٖٓ عخسه‬٤‫ش حُز‬٣‫حُٔغظخذّ ُلٔخ‬ ‫وخص‬٤‫ أٓخ ٓغ حعظخذحّ حُظطز‬،ٖ٤٤ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ٖ حُغ‬٤ٓ‫ٖٓ حُٔـش‬ ٖٓ ‫خؽخص‬٤‫ٕ طِي حالكظ‬ٌٞ‫حدّ كظ‬ٞ‫ خ‬٠ِ‫ ال طؼظٔذ ػ‬٢‫حُظ‬ .‫ش‬٤‫ كذ ًز‬٠ُ‫ش حُٔغظخذّ ا‬٤ُٝ‫ٓغئ‬ Page 9 of 29 2023 – 2018 ٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ش ُألٖٓ حُغ‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ُٞ‫ش ح‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫حالعظشحط‬