 Created specific national Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) to deliver continuous network monitoring and threat intelligence and incident response capability;  Delivered a cyber-training programme to enhance the skills of NCP stakeholders and CERT staff;  to Establish a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) to manage secure information communication, identity authentication and digital signatures;  Started establishing an international information security co-operation programme to aid information sharing, exchange lessons learned and enhance capability development. There have been some challenges in delivering the 2012 strategy, most notably in developing an appropriate legal and regulatory framework due to the complexity of this area and the international dimension of the threat. Cyberspace is borderless and threat actors exploit this fully to stay anonymous. Key relationships are being established with international partners to develop a consistent response whilst at the same time continuing to develop a national legal and regulatory response. The successful delivery of the NCP over the past five years demonstrates commitment to improving cyber security and has provided a strong legacy on which to move to the next phase of cyber security excellence. The opportunity has been taken to develop this updated strategy with renewed objectives to deliver capability and capacity in the context of the current threat environment and to consolidate and strengthen those successes achieved over the first period of the national cyber security strategy. This renewed strategy establishes the strategic aims presented in (5.2) to deliver a safe information security environment in the national interest. It is recognised that change in the online world continues to accelerate in a way that has overtaken previous visions of the digital future and the opportunities and dangers it presents. This accelerating pace of change has challenged our ability to adequately protect ourselves from the threats posed by new technologies and applications that have come to the fore. Our strategy needs to be reinvigorated to meet the evolving cyber security challenges. National Cyber Security Strategy 2018-2023 ٖٓ‫حدع حأل‬ٞ‫ش ُالعظـخرش ُل‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ٝ ‫اٗشخء كشم‬  ‫ اؿشحء سهخرش دحثٔش ُِشزٌخص‬٠ُٞ‫ ُظظ‬٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حُغ‬ .‫حدع‬ٞ‫خص حالعظـخرش ُِل‬٤ٗ‫آٌخ‬ٝ ‫ذ‬٣‫ذ‬ٜ‫خص حُظ‬٤٘‫ُظو‬ٝ ‫ض‬٣‫ ُظؼض‬٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ ُألٖٓ حُغ‬٢‫ز‬٣‫ز رشٗخٓؾ طذس‬٤‫ط٘ل‬ ‫أػؼخء‬ٝ ‫ش رخُزشٗخٓؾ‬٤٘‫خص حُٔؼ‬ٜ‫خسحص حُـ‬ٜٓ .٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حدع حألٖٓ حُغ‬ٞ‫ش ُالعظـخرش ُل‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ُٞ‫حُلشم ح‬ َ‫ش ُِٔلظخف حُؼخّ إلدحسس طشحع‬٤‫ش حُظلظ‬٤٘‫اٗشخء حُز‬ ٢ٔ‫غ حُشه‬٤‫ه‬ٞ‫حُظ‬ٝ ‫ش‬٣ُٜٞ‫حُظلون ٖٓ ح‬ٝ ‫ٓخص‬ِٞ‫حُٔؼ‬ .ٖٓ‫رشٌَ آ‬  ٖٓ‫ ٓـخٍ أ‬٢‫ ك‬٢ُٝ‫ٕ حُذ‬ٝ‫حُزذء ربٗشخء رشٗخٓؾ ُِظؼخ‬ ‫حُخزشحص‬ٝ ‫ٓخص‬ِٞ‫ٓخص ُذػْ طزخدٍ حُٔؼ‬ِٞ‫حُٔؼ‬ .‫ش حُوذسحص‬٣ٞ‫طط‬ٝ   ‫خص‬٣‫ رؼغ حُظلذ‬2102 ّ‫ش حُؼخ‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫ز حعظشحط‬٤‫ ط٘ل‬ٚ‫حؿ‬ٝ ‫هذ‬ٝ ٢ٗٞٗ‫ اػذحد اؽخس هخ‬٠ُ‫خ حُلخؿش ا‬ٛ‫ ًخٕ ٖٓ أرشص‬٢‫حُظ‬ٝ ٍ‫زح حُٔـخ‬ٛ ٢‫ذحص ك‬٤‫رُي رغزذ حُظؼو‬ٝ ْ‫ ٓالث‬٢ٔ٤‫ط٘ظ‬ٝ ‫ ال‬٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ كخُلؼخء حُغ‬،‫ذحص حُٔلظِٔش‬٣‫ذ‬ٜ‫ ُِظ‬٢ُٝ‫حُزؼذ حُذ‬ٝ ‫ش‬٤‫ حُخخط‬ٙ‫ز‬ٛ ِٕٞ‫غظـ‬٣ ٙ‫ذ‬٣‫ذ‬ٜ‫ ط‬٠ُ‫ٕ ا‬ٞ‫غؼ‬٣ ٖٓٝ ُٚ ‫د‬ٝ‫كذ‬ ‫٘ش‬٤‫ظْ ر٘خء ػالهخص ٓظ‬٣ ‫ُزُي‬ٝ ،‫ش‬٤‫و‬٤‫ْ حُلو‬ٜ‫خط‬٣ٞٛ ‫إلخلخء‬ ‫خص حعظـخرش‬٤ِٔ‫ش ػ‬٣ٞ‫ٖ ٖٓ حؿَ طط‬٤٤ُٝ‫ٓغ ششًخء د‬ ٠ِ‫ٖ ًخكش حُششًخء ٓغ حالعظٔشحس رخُؼَٔ ػ‬٤‫ٓ٘غوش ر‬ ‫ش‬٤ٗٞٗ‫ش ُالعظـخرش حُوخ‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ٝ ‫ش‬٤ُ‫ش آ‬٣ٞ‫ ُظط‬٢٘‫ؽ‬ُٞ‫ ح‬ٟٞ‫حُٔغظ‬ .‫ش‬٤ٔ٤‫حُظ٘ظ‬ٝ ‫حص‬ٞ٘‫ ٓذحس حُغ‬٠ِ‫س ػ‬ًٞ‫ن حُزشٗخٓؾ حُٔز‬٤‫ٖ ٗـخف ططز‬ٛ‫رش‬ ٖٓ‫ٖ حأل‬٤‫ حالُظضحّ رظلغ‬ٟ‫ ٓذ‬٠ِ‫ش ػ‬٤‫حُخٔظ حُٔخػ‬ ‫ حُٔشكِش‬٠ُ‫٘خ ُالٗظوخٍ ا‬٤‫كش أعخعخ ٓظ‬ٞ٣ ‫ رٔخ‬٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حُغ‬ ٢‫هذ طْ حعظـالٍ رُي كؼال ك‬ٝ .ٚ٤‫ض ك‬٤ٔ‫ش ٖٓ حُظ‬٤ُ‫حُظخ‬ ٖٔ‫ؼ‬٣ ‫رٔخ‬ٝ ‫ذحف ٓظـذدس‬ٛ‫ش رؤ‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫ حالعظشحط‬ٙ‫ز‬ٛ ‫ش‬٣ٞ‫طط‬ ‫ذحص‬٣‫ذ‬ٜ‫ظ٘خعذ ٓغ حُظ‬٣ ٌَ‫حُوذسحص رش‬ٝ ‫ش حٌُلخءحص‬٤‫ك‬ٞ‫ط‬ ٍ‫ طلووض خال‬٢‫ض حإلٗـخصحص حُظ‬٣‫ طؼض‬٢‫ًزُي ك‬ٝ ،‫ش‬٤ُ‫حُلخ‬ ٖٓ‫ش ُأل‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ُٞ‫ش ح‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫ ٖٓ حالعظشحط‬٠ُٝ‫حُٔشكِش حأل‬ .٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حُغ‬ ‫ش‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫ذحف حالعظشحط‬ٛ‫ذس حأل‬٣‫ش حُـذ‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫ حالعظشحط‬ٙ‫ز‬ٛ ٖٔ‫طظؼ‬ ‫جش‬٤‫ش ر‬٤‫ك‬ٞ‫خ ط‬ٛ‫س‬ٝ‫ طؼٖٔ رذ‬٢‫) حُظ‬2.2( ‫ حُز٘ذ‬٢‫٘ش ك‬٤‫حُٔز‬ .‫ش‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ُٞ‫ن حُٔظِلش ح‬٤‫ طلو‬٢‫ْ ك‬ٜ‫ٓخص آٓ٘ش طغ‬ِٞ‫ٓؼ‬ ‫ ػخُْ حإلٗظشٗض طغظٔش‬٢‫سحص ك‬ٞ‫ٓش رؤٕ حُظط‬ٌٞ‫طذسى حُل‬ ٢ٔ‫ حُغخروش ُِٔغظوزَ حُشه‬ٟ‫ص حُشإ‬ٝ‫ظـخ‬٣ ٌَ‫رخُظغخسع رش‬ ‫زح‬ٛ ‫هذ كشع‬ٝ ،ٚ٤ِ‫ طظشطذ ػ‬٢‫حُٔخخؽش حُظ‬ٝ ‫حُلشص‬ٝ ‫ش‬٣‫ كٔخ‬٠ِ‫ هذسط٘خ ػ‬٢‫خ ك‬٣‫ش طلذ‬٤٤‫شس حُظـ‬٤‫ط‬ٝ ٢‫حُظغخسع ك‬ ‫خ‬ٜ‫ طلشػ‬٢‫ذحص حُظ‬٣‫ذ‬ٜ‫ ٖٓ حُظ‬٢‫أٗلغ٘خ رخُشٌَ حٌُخك‬ ‫غ‬٣‫ ًخٕ ال رذ ٖٓ طلذ‬ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ٝ ،‫ؼش‬٣‫وخص حُلذ‬٤‫حُظطز‬ٝ ‫خص‬٤٘‫حُظو‬ ٖٓ‫ش ُأل‬٤ٓ‫خص حُٔظ٘خ‬٣‫ش حُظلذ‬ٜ‫حؿ‬ُٞٔ ‫ش‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫حالعظشحط‬ .٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫حُغ‬ Page 6 of 29 2023 – 2018 ٢ٗ‫زشح‬٤‫ش ُألٖٓ حُغ‬٤٘‫ؽ‬ُٞ‫ش ح‬٤‫ـ‬٤‫حالعظشحط‬