(1) Sharing expertise and policy - As conflicts over international rules and technological foundation come to the fore, we will strengthen collaboration with our ally and like-minded countries. This will include high-level cross-ministerial bilateral and multilateral talks including cyber dialogues with the US and likeminded countries, as well as multi-layered frameworks that enable the Cabinet Secretariat and ministries to engage in practical international collaboration with their counterparts from normal times. - We will actively advance cooperation with the US, Australia, India, and other countries in the field of cybersecurity toward the realization of “Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP).” - We will also expand international collaboration concerning information sharing in the private sector, acquire human resources in the public and private sectors who can assert Japan’s stance in the international arena, and develop human resources by dispatching them to other countries and sending them to participate in international conferences. - In addition, we will enhance the communication of information about Japan’s cybersecurity policies to international audiences, and we will make international contributions by sharing our experience at the Tokyo Games with other countries. (2) Strengthening international collaboration for incident response - To respond rapidly to cyber incidents and prevent the spread of damage, we will continue to enhance the sharing of information related to cyberattacks (e.g., information about vulnerabilities and IoC 22 ) with international partners from normal times, and consider disseminating information jointly with other countries. - We will enhance our international presence in the cyber community. To this end, we will not only promote collaboration among CERTs and participate in international cyber exercises, but we will also lead such exercises and build trust for collaborative response, as well as serving as an information hub. (3) Cooperating for capacity building - Other countries are providing various capacity building supports for developing countries. Under Japan’s basic principles, we will provide the required supports strategically and efficiently as a nationwide effort, and also in a multi-layered manner in collaboration with diverse stakeholders including like-minded countries, international institutions such as World Bank, industry and academia. 22 IoC (Indicator of Compromise) is information that indicates traces of cyberattacks. 31