 Lebanon is home to a large number of registered and non-registered refugees, legal and illegal foreign workers, etc. These communities are in contact, directly or indirectly, knowingly or unknowingly, with countless organizations and entities (among them a large number of NGOs) both on the national territory and in their respective home countries. These populations are either very poorly or not at all supervised by the Lebanese Government and could thus be vulnerable to potential Cyber Attacks and could easily become a platform for potential Cyber Threats and other Cyber-criminal acts, which could place Lebanon under increased potential risks from organized crime;  All of the above shall contribute to feed the continued perception of Lebanon as an “under developed” country. Only a strong, cohesive, inclusive, institutionalized, and collaborative National Cyber Security Strategy, based on and addressing the identified Cyber Security Pillars can protect Lebanon, its public institutions, its private sector, and its citizens from the above threat, thanks to a codified, systematic, nation-wide, all-encompassing action plan. June 2019 LEBANON NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY STRATEGY 47