skills in all areas. As children interact with new media at a very young age, this issue must be suitably addressed even at primary school level. The introduction of ICTfocused curricula in specific types of schools (comparable to today’s sport, music or ICT secondary schools) is recommended. Defining educational standards for ICT and ICT security: A meaningful and adequate level of ICT competence must be ensured across all types of schools. Objective 2: Compulsory ICT training for all teacher training students Hypothesis: Schools will not succeed in teaching a creative, safe and critical approach to ICT and new media unless teachers receive adequate training. Strategic objective: It is an important prerequisite for teaching the relevant skills that ICT (security) competence becomes part of the curricula of teacher training colleges and universities. Adequate in-service training programmes for fully-fledged teachers will ensure that ICT training can be implemented fast, effectively and on a sustainable basis. Measures Compulsory ICT training of all students of teacher training (at all pedagogical colleges and universities): All students undergoing teacher training require ICT training to enable them to use new technologies and media safely in their fields. They will also feel more confident using applications and services relevant to their areas of specialisation (e.g. Mathematica, GeoGebra, Google Earth, location-based applications) in daily teaching practice. Particular attention should be paid to the training of teachers in the ICT sector (ICT teacher training studies) as they will be responsible for teaching the general subject “ICT” as well as for the safe and professional use of ICT. It is therefore of vital importance to develop suitable teacher training programmes, and to address the ICT security issue appropriately in these programmes. In-service training of teaching staff: The sustainable ICT competence of teachers must be ensured in programmes offered by teacher training colleges and universities. Further development of training programmes for adults, especially parents: Special programmes have to be developed for parents within the school system which will help them to become a knowledgeable source of advice for their children and to examine their use of new media and the media skills. Objective 3: Improving training structures for ICT security specialists in the tertiary sector Hypothesis: In an area as sensitive as national security, specialised technical know-how and skills must be available in a country. This can be ensured by offering specific education and training programmes at tertiary level. Strategic objective: Existing study and training programmes— offered as a specialisation of general ICT studies as well as specific ICT security studies—will be further developed on a proactive basis. Networking and cooperation between educational organisations will be promoted (e.g. joint courses or interdisciplinary programmes). 21