NATIONAL CYBER STRATEGY they have also become more vulnerable to cyber exploitation or attack. Maritime cybersecurity is of particular concern because lost or delayed shipments can result in strategic economic disruptions and potential spillover effects on downstream industries. Given the criticality of maritime transportation to the United States and global economy and the minimal risk-reduction investments to protect against cyber exploitation made thus far, the United States will move quickly to clarify maritime cybersecurity roles and responsibilities; promote enhanced mechanisms for international coordination and information sharing; and accelerate the development of next-generation cyber-resilient maritime infrastructure. The United States will assure the uninterrupted transport of goods in the face of all threats that can hold this inherently international infrastructure at risk through cyber means. ation with state, local, tribal, and territorial government entities, play a critical role in detecting, preventing, disrupting, and investigating cyber threats to our Nation. The United States is regularly the victim of malicious cyber activity perpetrated by criminal actors, including state and non-state actors and their proxies and terrorists using network infrastructure in the United States and abroad. Federal law enforcement works to apprehend and prosecute offenders, disable criminal infrastructure, limit the spread and use of nefarious cyber capabilities, prevent cyber criminals and their state sponsors from profiting from their illicit activity, and seize their assets. The Administration will push to ensure that our Federal departments and agencies have the necessary legal authorities and resources to combat transnational cybercriminal activity, including identifying and dismantling botnets, dark markets, and other infrastructure used to enable cybercrime, and combatting economic espionage. To effectively deter, disrupt, and prevent cyber threats, law enforcement will work with private industry to confront challenges presented by technological barriers, such as anonymization and encryption technologies, to obtain time-sensitive evidence pursuant to appropriate legal process. Law enforcement actions to combat criminal cyber activity serve as an instrument of national power by, among other things, deterring those activities. IMPROVE SPACE CYBERSECURITY: The United States considers unfettered access to and freedom to operate in space vital to advancing the security, economic prosperity, and scientific knowledge of the Nation. The Administration is concerned about the growing cyber-related threats to space assets and supporting infrastructure because these assets are critical to functions such as positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT); intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR); satellite communications; and weather monitoring. The Administration will enhance efforts to protect our space assets and support infrastructure from evolving cyber threats, and we will work with industry and international partners to strengthen the cyber resilience of existing and future space systems. Priority Actions IMPROVE INCIDENT REPORTING AND RESPONSE: The United States Government will continue to encourage reporting of intrusions and theft of data by all victims, especially critical infrastructure partners. The prompt reporting of cyber incidents to the Federal Government is essential to an effective response, linking of Combat Cybercrime and Improve Incident Reporting Federal departments and agencies, in cooper- 10