Inadequate cyber hygiene One of the main reasons for the widespread successful rate of cyber attacks is the improper practicing of the so called “cyber hygiene” by the users and business community. In this manner, establishing active control over employee cyber hygiene and thereby effectively mitigating cyber security risks represents a major challenge for organizations nowadays. Furthermore, one of the many challenges in this regard is the increased complexity in the effort to maintain basic cyber hygiene, such as asset identification, software updates, patching, standards management, as well as education and training of users in large organizations. Taking into consideration that the largest share of all cyber threats may be prevented by implementing proper cyber hygiene, this matter is of key importance for cyber security. Internet of Things (IoT) Although the number of devices connected to the Internet has increased substantially, cyber hygiene is ignored by most users with regards to their actions and device protection. The IoT concept only intensifies this challenge. While anti-virus software, firewalls, and other related technologies are automatically activated on traditional electronic devices, such as personal computers and laptops, this is not the case for smart devices such as TVs, fridges, video surveillance, etc. Along these lines, the last period noted a drastic increase in the malicious usage of these devices, and threats to and from these devices are expected to increase in the future. Artificial Intelligence (AI) The field of artificial intelligence - and particularly machine learning - already plays an important role in today’s global society. The continuous advancement of these fields already yield positive impacts, and is extensively being applied in the process of improving and perfecting security mechanisms for protection of cyber threats. On the other hand, Al is evolving into one of the major security challenges, since malicious users are increasingly utilizing this technology in the process of enhancing malicious software capabilities.