A/72/315 The extremely rapid progress of information and communications technology makes it vulnerable to risks and challenges. Those risks must be add ressed through both technological and legal means with a view to finding effective and practical solutions that reduce risks and avert potentially catastrophic consequences. The Jordanian Army has played an active and influential role in promoting security and peace at the national, regional and global levels through the development of technology that it employs to secure information and both wired and wireless communication, including the following: (a) It has updated its communications and information systems by installing protected networks that use encrypted IP technology all over the country, including at the borders. It uses those networks to strengthen national and regional security; (b) It engages in security cooperation with the international community using communications systems that are compatible with those used by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the United States Army, and that meet type 1 international encryption standards; (c) It has improved its technical capacities by acquiring an infrastructureindependent communications system for use in maintaining national security in conflict zones, refugee camps and remote areas. The Jordanian Army — the Arab Army — also uses that technology in support of peacekeeping operations in co nflict zones around the world; (d) It trains and certifies all communications systems users and maintenance and support personnel without relying on the supplier company, in order to ensure optimum reliability and dependability at all times; (e) The highest command-and-control standards are applied to all systems used by the military in order to improve national and regional security coordination and cooperation; (f) It takes active part in international conferences and keeps abreast of their outcomes in order to increase complementarity between friendly armies, avoid interference between communications systems used by neighbouring States in the region, and ensure coordinated control and surveillance at international borders. There should be a constant focus on citizen awareness of pervasive cyberthreats and how cybersecurity measures can minimize and counteract such threats to the use of electronic systems. When any kind of information is handled, it is essential to heighten security awareness, provided that such action does not prevent the technology from being put to good use. The following measures have been taken to protect vital national information networks: (a) Encryption is used for all voice, data and video communications systems; (b) Closed networks (intranets) are used; (c) Links with other security agencies are established through stand -alone peripheral devices; (d) Information and communications security measures and the “need to know” principle are applied. Access permissions and user identities are checked continually; (e) Virtual networks are used whereby the user interacts with a screen linked to the network on the basis of access permissions for access to information. Access or connection many not be done via other devices, such as flash drives; 16/25 17-13876