concurrently from the central authority in the requesting State Party to its counterpart in the State Party from which assistance is requested. b- Communications can be made and requests submitted pursuant to this paragraph through INTERPOL. c- Whenever, according to paragraph a, a request is submitted to an authority, but that authority is not competent to deal with that request, it shall refer the request to the competent authority and directly inform the requesting State Party accordingly. d- Communications and requests carried out according to this paragraph and not concerning compulsory procedures may be transmitted directly by the competent authorities in the requesting State Party to their counterpart in the State Party from which assistance is requested. e- Every State Party may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or adoption, inform the General Secretariat of the Council of Arab Interior Ministers and the Technical Secretariat of the Arab Justice Ministers that requests according to this paragraph must be submitted to the central authority for reasons of efficiency. Article 35: Refusal of Assistance In addition to the grounds for refusal set forth in Article 32, paragraph 4, the State Party from which assistance is requested may refuse assistance if: 1the request relates to an offence that the law of the State Party from which assistance is requested considers as a political offence. 2It considers that implementing the request could constitute a violation of its sovereignty, security, order or basic interests. Article 36: Confidentiality and Limits of Utilization 1- In case no mutual assistance treaty or agreement exists on the basis of the applicable legislation between the State Parties 20