Definitions CERT Vanuatu | CERTVU: Vanuatu’s National Computer Emergency Response Team. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Cyber-attack: is a deliberate exploitation of computer systems and networks launched by cybercriminals via cyberspace, targeting an enterprise’s use of cyberspace for the purpose of disrupting, disabling, destroying, or maliciously controlling a computing environment/infrastructure; or destroying the integrity of the data or stealing controlled information. Cyber Border: is best defined as the Functional Equivalent of the Border (FEB) where the data arrives at the first practical point of inspection— a network router, computer server, PC, or other networked device. Cyber Capacity: is a term coined to refer to adequate number of cyber experts and professionals across the entire cyber security spectrum i.e., cyber security experts in ICT and Telecommunications sector, legal sector, financial sector, health sector, academic sector and civil society sector. Cybercrime: is defined as any crime that is committed using a computer or network or hardware device. Cybercriminals: are individuals or teams of people who use technology to commit malicious activities on digital systems or networks with the intention of stealing sensitive company information or personal data, and generating profit. Cyber Literacy: is the ability to use computer simultaneously understand the implications of those actions. technologies effectively and to Cyber-resilience: is the ability to effectively prepare for, adapt, withstand, respond to and recover from cyber-attacks. Cyber Security: is the practice of defending computers, servers, mobile devices, electronic systems, networks, and data from malicious attacks. Cyber Security Bundles: refers to Government lead initiatives to support or assist organizations and communities with enhance security efforts. Cyberspace: is the complex environment resulting from the interaction of people, software and services on the Internet by means of technology devices and networks connected to it, which does not exist in any physical form. Cyber Sovereignty: is a phrase used in the field of Internet governance to describe governments’ desire to exercise control over the Internet within their own borders, including political, economic, cultural and technological activities; that is, to extend the concept of sovereignty to include all aspect of the Internet. Cyber-threat: any circumstance or event with the potential to adversely impact organizational operations, organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, or the Nation through a system via unauthorized access, destruction, disclosure, modification of information, and/or denial of service. Darknet: a network used for routing and/or content that all services and sites are accessible only through non-globally routable addresses or only through overlay networks such as Tor, The Invisible Internet Project (I2P), or FreeNet. Data Security: is the process of protecting your most critical business assets (your data) against unauthorized or unwanted use. eSafety Commission: an entity/agency serves with the primary role to enhance the online safety of Internet users in a country, particularly the online safety of children and young people, primarily through a complaints service on cases experiencing serious online abuses such as cyberbullying, hate speech, shaming, adult cyber abuse, image-based abuse, and other technology-related concerns for people at risk of family or domestic violence.