And requiring the early implementation of security requirements should be allowed by law in order to ensure security by design. For this purpose, the BSI serves the federal ministries as a central source of advice. As mobility becomes increasingly digitalized and more data are generated as a result, new cross-border requirements are needed to ensure the safety of vehicles and infrastructure and to protect privacy. Germany will play an active role in creating international standards especially at the level of UNECE to ensure sufficient protection against manipulation and misuse of technical structures, data and processes. Advancing IT security research New, all-encompassing IT security solutions are needed to be able to take full advantage of the opportunities offered by digitalization, such as Industry 4.0, medical technology and Mobility 4.0. This is why innovative IT security solutions for tomorrow must be researched and implemented today. The Federal Government is expanding its research framework programme on IT security, Selbstbestimmt und sicher in der digitalen Welt 2015–2020 (Independent and safe in the digital world 2015–2020), and closely linking it to other measures of the Cyber Security Strategy. The existing centres of excellence for IT security research will also be further strengthened: CRISP in Darmstadt, CISPA in Saarbrücken and KASTEL in Karlsruhe. These centres address current research topics, provide estimates and assessments for policy-makers and develop concrete solutions. The results of government-funded projects should be applied and marketed in products and processes as quickly as possible. In the area of military applications of IT and cyber security, this is the task of the cyber cluster at the Bundeswehr University in Munich, with its Cyber Defence and Smart Data (CODE) research centre. The commercial application and further development by businesses and start-ups of innovative ideas in the field of IT security should be an explicit goal of government investment in order to bring about the greatest possible economic benefit. Active technology scouting can help discover, introduce and further refine the latest 14