7.5 Cybercrime Cybercrime is on the increase. Cybercrime is divided into crime targeting the ICT systems themselves, and criminal acts committed by using ICT. Several reports show the need to strengthen police expertise and capacity in this field. In the police’s own situation analysis from 2015, it is pointed out that technology is developing at such a fast pace that the police are constantly challenged. The development places new demands on the police’s own task solving in terms of more expertise and new technology. In 2015, the Ministry of Justice and Public Security drew up a strategy to combat cybercrime. This is the Ministry’s first strategy document in the field, and it focuses on strengthening expertise and capacity, building knowledge, strengthening research and identifying technological needs and solutions. One of the measures in the strategy is to establish a national centre to prevent and combat cybercrime. The Lysne Committee supported the proposal for a national centre with a special assistance function to support the police districts from a point of police tactics and prosecution. The National Police Directorate (POD) has drawn up a specific proposal for how to establish such a centre in the police to prevent and combat cybercrime, including the tasks that should be assigned to the centre, organisational anchorage and resource requirements. The proposal states that the police must allocate significant resources. For some functions, the need must be met through external recruitment of expertise that the police does not have today. Therefore, the proposal must be dealt with in the ordinary budget process, and assessed against other important initiatives. The Government wants digital expertise to be established in all the police districts so that the police have sufficient prerequisites for combating cybercrime. In cyberspace, the police and the prosecuting authority also have fewer opportunities to arrest, prosecute and bring to trial. This means that the efforts of the police must to an increasing extent be aimed at preventive work, intelligence, detection, stopping and restoring a lawful situation by having presence in cyberspace. The tools for handling digital tracks must be updated in line with the technological development, and the police investigation methods must keep pace with the criminals’ use of modern technology. Police training must be strengthened so that the police have the necessary expertise. This applies to the basic training and the post-qualifying training and further education. Employees without police training, including specialists with a high level of technological expertise should receive supplementary police training. As of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security’s strategy of 2015 to combat cybercrime, POD has drawn up its own strategy for digital skills enhancement. The Government has also provided the police with important tools in the battle against serious crime through legislative amendments. In June 2016, based on Prop. 68 L (2015–2016) Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Act, etc. (covert coercive measures), the Government granted the police extended access to use concealed coercive measures in investigation, avoidance and prevention of serious offences. This access included methods such as communication control, secret searching, electronic room surveillance, technical tracking and camera surveillance. The amendments entered into force on 17 June 2016. In addition, the use of a new concealed coercive measure in the form of data reading is allowed. These provisions entered into force on 9 September 2016. On 5 April