The exact threat is that the choice to not disclose vulnerabilities to vendors on time increases chances of threat actors having the same information and abusing it to harm citizens and States. 2. International law: No inputs on international law as the Secretariat has captured South Africa’s sentiments in para 29 and 32. That even though international law does not have specific reference to ICTs it can progressively develop and UN organs such as the UN Security Council and the ICJ are useful in arbitrating ICT related incidents between States. It should be noted that the inputs on sharing national views on the applicability of international law are not prescriptive. 3. Norms for responsible State behaviour: South Africa’s sentiments are articulated with regards to the relation between norms and international law. Input: Proposals on additional norms should also provide background on the corresponding regulations and standards that will assist Member States in implementation. If none exist, proposals should note the lacunae. 4. Confidence building measures Noting that confidence building measures includes sharing national views on cybersecurity and domestic measures, exchanges within the SADC and AU under various structures including STC on ICTs and infrastructure untrue can serve as CBMs. However, none of the aforementioned structures categorize such exchanges as CBMs. South Africa is happy with the articulation that regional and sub regional organizations have an important role to play in CBMs especially the exchange of national points of contact on the diplomatic, legal, technical and policy levels. The input on the need for CBMs to be implemented in other forums is also accurate and acceptable. 5. Capacity building South Africa is satisfied with the inputs as they articulate the comprehensive usefulness of capacity building for Member States. South - South and train Gaul are cooperation on capacity building is also welcome. South Africa and other Member States linked the discussions on capacity building to WPS which is articulated well. 6. Regular institutional dialogue 2