Prime Minister’s Office | National Cyber Directorate Second Layer | Systemic Cyber Resilience: The second layer in the concept of operations is the systematic ability to confront cyber-attacks before, during, and after incidents, prevent them from spreading and reduce their cumulative damage to the nation. While the first layer is focused on reducing attacks a priori, regardless of any specific event, this layer is event-driven by definition. Systemic resilience can be achieved through state processes encouraging information sharing, generating and disseminating valuable information, and assisting organizations during cyber incidents. This effort is led by the NCSA, with the national CERT at the forefront. The national CERT works closely with the private sector, both directly and through sector-based cyber centers which operate within the CERT. The CERT strives to engage in global and local cooperation while supporting innovation and harnessing it for its goals. Assistance to organizations Generation of valuable information Sharing of national and sector-relevant information National Cyber Security Strategy In Brief | 11