Foreword Advances in technologies over the last 20 years have affected virtually every aspect of the way we live and conduct our daily lives. While these technologies have been a source of good and enabled social and economic progress around the world, hardly a day goes by without news of yet another cyberattack, or the use of technology in the commission of crime. Here, at the World Bank, we know that in order for technologies, including the internet, to continue to be used as a force for economic growth and development, measures must be taken to ensure the security of the internet and the data and communications that flow over it. This book, Combatting Cybercrime: Tools and Capacity Building for Emerging Economies, is an important contribution to the global effort for a safe, secure and equitable internet. It focuses on building the human capacity of policy-makers, legislators, judges, lawyers, prosecutors, investigators and civil society on the various legal issues that comprise the fight against cybercrime. Though focusing on legal matters, Combatting Cybercrime recognizes that the challenge is much larger, and, accordingly, builds from the perspective that an effective response to ever-more sophisticated cybercrime requires a multidisciplinary, multi-stakeholder, public-private approach. In addition to serving as a resource in the traditional sense, Combatting Cybercrime includes an online Assessment Tool that enables countries to more accurately identify priority areas, that facilitates a focused and targeted allocation of scarce, capacity-building resources. Much like the collective approach that is required to fight cybercrime, Combatting Cybercrime is also the result of a collective effort among some of the key global and regional organizations, both public and private, whose expertise and experience are synthesized in this book. I would like to thank the organizations and their staff who contributed to this important work, as well as the Government of Korea for its generous funding and leadership in this area that made Combatting Cybercrime possible. It is our collective hope that Combatting Cybercrime will be a useful resource in building capacity on these key legal issues in the global fight against cybercrime, and would invite readers to consult the project website for updates. The Toolkit, the Assessment Tool and a library of pertinent sources can be found and freely accessed at www.combattingcybercrime.org. Sandie Okoro Senior Vice President and General Counsel The World Bank