End Notes Referenced in: § A. Purpose of Toolkit 1. ”Infographic: McAfee Labs Threats Report,” McAfee, (Mar. 2016), at https:// www.mcafee.com/us/resources/misc/ infographic-threats-report-mar-2016.pdf. 2. Jim Finkle, “SWIFT Discloses More CyberThefts, Pressures Banks on Security,” Reuters, (31 Aug. 2016), at http://www. reuters.com/article/us-cyber-heist-swiftidUSKCN11600C. 3. Vindu Goel & Nicole Perlroth, “Yahoo Says 1 Billion User Accounts Were Hacked,” (14 Dec. 2016), at https://www. nytimes.com/2016/12/14/technology/ yahoo-hack.html?mcubz=0. 4. UN Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), Cybercrime: Risks for the Economy and Enterprises at the EU and Italian Level, (Turin: UNICRI, 2014), at http://www.unicri.it/in_focus/ files/Criminalita_informatica_inglese.pdf. 5. Ibid. 6. Ibid. 7. As discussed below, some acts that might otherwise constitute cybercrime, or that with the passage of time are revealed to be acts of states against states, and that might be characterized as cyberterrorism or cyberwarfare, are beyond the scope of this Toolkit. 8. See http://www.combattingcybercrime. org. 9. Unless otherwise indicated, such as in reference to a specific entity, the term “CIRT” will be used generically for all such related terms (e.g., CERT, CSIRT). 12. See, e.g., “Warsaw Summit Communiqué, Issued by the Heads of State and Government Participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Warsaw 8–9 July 2016: Press Release (2016),” North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), (9 Jul. 2016) [hereafter, “Warsaw Summit Communiqué], para. 70, at http:// www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_ texts_133169.htm. 10. World Bank, World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends, (Washington: World Bank, 2016) [hereafter, “WDR”], at p. 222 et seq., at http:// documents.worldbank.org/curated/ en/896971468194972881/pdf/102725PUB-Replacement-PUBLIC.pdf. 11. See, e.g., Nicole Perlroth, “Hackers Are Targeting Nuclear Facilities, Homeland Security Dept. and F.B.I. Say,” New York Times, (6 Jul. 2017), at https://www. nytimes.com/2017/07/06/technology/ nuclear-plant-hack-report.html?mcubz=0. Page 52 | Chapter 1 | End Notes Table of Contents