Working Worldwide for the Security of the Netherlands Summary 6 1. Introduction 8 2. Context & trends 12 2.1 Multi-order world 2.2 Instability and threats around Europe and the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom 2.3 Acceleration of technological developments and hybrid conflicts 2.4 Tensions in the Netherlands and Europe 13 14 16 17 3. Threat analysis: the most urgent security threats 3.1 Terrorist attacks 3.2 Cyberthreats 3.3 Undesirable foreign interference and disruption 3.4 Military threats 3.5 Threats to vital economic processes 3.6 Threat of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) materials 4. Contents Security strategy: prevent, defend and strengthen 4.1 Prevent Goal 1: Preventing conflict around Europe and the Kingdom Goal 2: Eliminating the root causes of terrorism Goal 3: Disarmament, arms control and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction Goal 4: Clear international norms for cyber activities 4.2 Defend Goal 5: Modern collective self-defence and protection of Dutch and NATO territory Goal 6: Forceful cyber deterrence Goal 7: Counterterrorism Goal 8: Societal resilience to hostile foreign interference Goal 9: Safeguarding economic security Goal 10: Tackling cross-border crime 4.3 Strengthen Goal 11: Promoting the international legal order Goal 12: Strengthening international security cooperation Goal 13: Robust and balanced integrated border management and control 5. Implementation 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 25 26 27 28 29 30 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 37 39 39 43