In terms of public health and the well-being of society, Estonia needs to focus on preventing the
spread of HIV and the excessive consumption of alcohol. General surveillance for infectious
disease is organised on a national level. A national programme of immunisation is carried out to
restrict the outbreak and spread of vaccine-preventable diseases and epidemics caused by them;
similarly, state-organised, funded and planned activities are undertaken to hinder the spread of
tuberculosis and HIV. The purpose of preventing drug addiction—a phenomenon that weakens
society—is to reduce the supply of and demand for illicit drugs and contribute to the treatment
and rehabilitation of addicts. The impact of the Estonian illicit drug prevention policy is
reinforced by reliable statistics, epidemiological research, constant monitoring and
communication with other countries. National emergency relief system will be improved to be
ready for natural disasters, catastrophes or outbreaks of infectious disease, in the event of which
many people may need medical assistance.
3.8 Resilience and Cohesion of Society
The more united a society and the more common values it shares, the less it can be influenced
and the less susceptible it is to security threats. The more residents trust the state, the more
resilient it is. Trust increases when the state takes responsibility for the well-being of its people
and prepares for coping with security threats and risks. Strategic communication is important in
determining society’s values and facilitating people’s readiness to contribute to it.
The cohesion of society is improved by tolerant, caring and inclusive understandings, the strong
integration of different segments of society, and uniform regional development. The resilience of
society develops through the joint influence of credible civil protection, people’s psychological
strength, and a safe social and physical living environment. All these areas need constant
attention and development; for some, global processes must be understood, while society has to
adapt and adjust to them; some fields have a broader influence in the region.
The national security is influenced by economic, social and environmental factors across Estonia.
Life must habitable and safe everywhere in Estonia. Unfavourable demographic processes and
the excessive accumulation of major socio-economic, security and safety risks in certain regions
must be avoided or prevented. To guarantee uniform regional development and even population
distribution, the government develop the infrastructure; support the improvement of the
performance of local governments; promote civil society and voluntary action; and ensure public
safety, the availability and quality of education, healthcare and other public services, as well as
the comprehensive management of regional policy. Regional characteristics will be considered in
providing state services. State agencies and local governments must cooperate more effectively
to cope with society related security risks.
Cohesive society is less vulnerable and less open to the influences from outside. The better
integration of society will reinforce unity and cohesion. The purpose of integration in Estonia is
to shape a culturally versatile society that has a strong identity and shares common values. The
state will continue activities that facilitate the adjustment and integration of different groups in
society to develop and improve the people’s willingness and opportunities to participate actively
in societal life. Integration is more effective through uniform regional development, equal access
to high-quality education, promotion of instruction in national language, making variety types of
support service available, and adaptation of new migrants to the society. The activity and
cooperation of civil society, local governments and state agencies helps to shape a favourable
environment for adjustment and integration. Excessively divergent views and unbalanced
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