13. Crimes against Liberty and Reputation of Persons Whosoever intentionally: 14. 1/ intimidates or threatens another person or his families with serious danger or injury by disseminating any writing, video, audio or any other image through a computer systems shall be punishable, with simple imprisonment not exceeding three years or in a serious cases with rigorous imprisonment not exceeding five years. 2/ causes fear, threat or psychological strain on another person by sending or by repeatedly transmitting information about the victim or his families through computer system or by keeping the victim’s computer communication under surveillance shall be punishable with simple imprisonment not exceeding five years or in serious case with rigorous imprisonment not exceeding 10 years. 3/ disseminates any writing, video, audio or any other image through a computer system that is defamatory to the honor or reputation of another person shall be punishable, upon complaint, with simple imprisonment not exceeding three years or fine or both. Crimes against Public Security Without prejudice to the provisions Article 257 of the Criminal Code of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Whosoever intentionally disseminates through a computer system any written, video, audio or any other picture that incites fear, violence, chaos or conflict among people shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment not exceeding three years. 15. Dissemination of Spam 1/ Whosoever, with intent to advertise or sell any product or service, disseminates messages to multiple e-mail addresses at a time shall be punishable with simple imprisonment not exceeding three years and fine or, in serious case, with rigorous imprisonment not exceeding five years and fine not exceeding Birr 50,000. 2/ Notwithstanding the provision of sub-article (1) of this Article, dissemination of commercial advertisement through email account shall not be punishable provided that: a) there is prior consent from the recipient; b) the primary purpose of the advertisement is to introduce customers with new products or services and the customers have willing; or c) the advertisement contains valid identity and address of the sender, and valid and simple way for the recipient to reject or unsubscribe receipt of further advertisement from the same source. 7

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