4. Increasing the share of expenditure allocated to defence research and technology with a view to nearing the 2 % of total defence spending (collective benchmark). 5. Establishment of a regular review of these commitments (with the aim of endorsement by the Council). “b) bring their defence apparatus into line with each other as far as possible, particularly by harmonising the identification of their military needs, by pooling and, where appropriate, specialising their defence means and capabilities, and by encouraging cooperation in the fields of training and logistics.” 6. Playing a substantial role in capability development within the EU, including within the framework of CARD, in order to ensure the availability of the necessary capabilities for achieving the level of ambition in Europe. 7. Commitment to support the CARD to the maximum extent possible acknowledging the voluntary nature of the review and individual constraints of participating Member States. 8. Commitment to the intensive involvement of a future European Defence Fund in multinational procurement with identified EU added value. 9. Commitment to drawing up harmonised requirements for all capability development projects agreed by participating Member States. 14866/17 ANNEX JU/jk DGC 1C 2 EN