elderly, including through the significant expansion of resettlement programs, private sponsorship programs, humanitarian visas and family reunification; 34. Calls upon OSCE participating States to significantly increase their support to improve conditions for Syrian and other refugees in border countries (Turkey, Jordan and Lebanon), including in particular access to shelter, basic needs, education, health care and, where possible, the labour market; 35. Recommends that the OSCE participating States that are part of the EU Asylum System increase support for joint EU operations in the Mediterranean overseen by Frontex and which involve not only search and rescue but also border surveillance and fighting smuggling networks; 36. Strongly recommends that OSCE participating States enforce strict sentences against persons convicted of human trafficking; 37. Strongly recommends that OSCE participating States increase activities to counteract smuggling while at the same time promoting viable economic alternatives to smuggling; 38. Calls upon the OSCE and its participating States to address the root causes of migration and refugee flows such as conflicts, climate change and poverty by developing wellinformed, long-term policies targeted at the drivers of migration, including through gender-sensitive humanitarian and development assistance; 39. Urges in particular the OSCE and its participating States to redouble efforts to bring the parties to the Syrian conflict to the negotiating table to implement a nationwide ceasefire and to work towards a durable resolution to the conflict, in line with UN Security Council resolution 2254 (2015); 40. Furthermore, strongly encourages OSCE participating States to support the efforts of the UNHCR, IOM and their partners to set up reception facilities with strong human rights guarantees for returned migrants in Libya, including dedicated facilities for UASCs, and to further support their efforts to develop durable solutions; 41. Calls upon OSCE participating States that are part of the EU Asylum System to support EU efforts to develop tailor-made compacts with third countries, such as those concluded with five African countries within the Partnership Framework, and increase their financial contributions to the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa, with the aim of preventing irregular migration and especially stopping migration flows before they reach Libya; 42. Calls upon the OSCE and its participating States to devote due attention to the issue of missing and deceased migrants by: a. renewing efforts to implement the recommendations of the Milan and Barcelona conferences of 2013 and 2015 organised under the auspices of the ICRC on the identification and management of bodies of migrants; b. ensuring adequate support and financial resources for forensic services; c. collaborating with the ICRC towards the establishment of a transregional mechanism to centralize data concerning missing migrants; 23