Article 75 (Public, private and cooperative education) 1. The state shall create a network of public education establishments that covers the needs of the whole population. 2. The state shall recognise and inspect private and cooperative education, as laid down by law. Article 76 (University and access to higher education) 1. The regime governing access to university and the other higher education institutions shall guarantee equal opportunities in and the democratisation of the education system, and must have due regard to the country’s needs for qualified staff and to raising its educational, cultural and scientific level. 2. As laid down by law and without prejudice to an adequate assessment of the quality of education, universities shall enjoy autonomy in drawing up their own by-laws and in scientific, pedagogical, administrative and financial matters. Article 77 (Democratic participation in education) 1. Teachers and students have the right to take part in the democratic management of schools, as laid down by law. 2. The law shall regulate the forms in which associations of teachers, students and parents, communities and institutions of a scientific nature participate in the definition of the education policy. Article 78 (Cultural enjoyment and creation) 1. Everyone has the right to cultural enjoyment and creation, together with the duty to preserve, defend and enhance the cultural heritage. 2. In cooperation with all cultural agents, the state is charged with: a) Encouraging and ensuring access by all citizens to the means and instruments required for cultural activities, and correcting the country’s existing asymmetries in this respect; b) Supporting initiatives that stimulate individual and collective creation in its multiple forms and expressions, and more travel by high quality cultural works and items; c) Promoting the safeguarding and enhancement of the cultural heritage and making it an element that inspires and gives life to a common cultural identity; d) Developing cultural relations with all peoples, especially those that speak Portuguese, and ensuring the defence and promotion of Portuguese culture abroad; e) Articulating the cultural policy with the other sectoral policies.