key element of the report. Based on the consensus that international law applies in cyberspace,
it is now up to States to elaborate on how they apply existing international law in cyberspace.
And indeed, we agree that the result of these reflections should be shared with the international
community in order to work towards a common understanding. At a later stage, other measures
aimed at clarifying how international law applies in cyberspace, possibly also reflecting on
convergence and divergence among state views, could be envisaged (such as for example a
study by the International Law Commission). Currently, however, we should focus on and
encourage States to elaborate and share their national positions on how international law
applies in cyberspace.
Relating to recommendations on CBMs, Switzerland would like to propose to add a
recommendation that would encourage States to consider cooperative activities that might
contribute to confidence building in the field of ICT such as workshops, trainings and exercises,
including tabletop exercises, with participation of governments, the private sector, and
academia.
We hope that these reflections will be useful to you and your team. Please do not hesitate to
contact us should there be a need for clarification or further questions.
Yours sincerely,
Nadine Olivieri Lozano
Ambassador, Head of Division
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