52 Compendium: High Level Review of United Nations Sanctions B. Mediation As stressed in the United Nations Guidance for Effective Mediation (A/66/811), effective mediation requires a mediator to be impartial and maintain the consent of the parties. Mediation should also be inclusive, as inclusive processes are more likely to identify and address the root causes of conflict and reduce the likelihood of excluded actors undermining the process. When mediation is conducted in parallel with Security Council sanctions, the primary goal of UN engagement may need to be clarified. Sanctions can affect the manner in which some parties to the conflict interact with the mediation process. Mediators, therefore, need to be clear about the role and purposes of sanctions and to be able to explain the conditions under which delisting, easing, or lifting of sanctions may occur. Mediation efforts may be negatively impacted when delisting is linked with a party’s cooperation and does not materialise, or when the delisting period is protracted. Exemptions permitting listed individuals to travel internationally to participate in mediated processes are important. The group affiliation of parties to a conflict is sometimes very fluid, particularly when armed actors control large parts of territory. Cases where parties may be listed for individual targeted sanctions and also be part of a group engaged in finding a political solution requires greater flexibility that takes into account the particulars of mediation. 58. The Secretariat should improve coordination and information-sharing within the UN system, including among SRSGs and mediators on the role and multiple goals of sanctions, including the benefits of sanctions used as an incentive or disincentive in negotiations. 59. The Security Council should ensure that exemptions permitting individuals to travel for participation in mediation processes are available in relevant sanctions regimes.14 C. Human rights and protection agencies The growing number of sanctions regimes that include human rights abuses as grounds to designate an individual or entity subject to travel or financial sanctions has resulted in a productive and growing relationship between the 14 See section IV.B.2 regarding exemptions.