There are also plans to build cross border corridors in Europe to pursue innovative and automatic solutions in transportation (see Fig. 12). By the end of March 2020 an estimated 25 countries commercially launched 5G. Apart from the mentioned early launches 5G is now also available for example in Japan, a number of Middle Eastern countries, but also in selected locations across all other inhabited continents. Ten European countries have already launched commercial 5G services in some areas. Several of the leading European countries such as Germany, Spain, Italy and the UK, alongside with Finland and other countries, have been particularly keen on advancing 5G licensing and deployment. That said most 5G commercial launches have so far been in relatively modest scale and coverage. Large-scale 5G deployments in range of with over 10,000 sites have started occurring only recently, led by China and Korea. In the absence of industrial use cases the early launches focused either on fixed-wireless access (FWA), especially in the US, or high speed (usually up to 1GBbps) data packages for mobile phones. In Europe such packages have been priced around Euro30-50/month. There are no widespread consumer applications yet, which would encourage consumers to pay a material premium for the 5G connection quality in mobile phones. Fig. 9 | 5G spectrum assigned in Europe 5G PIONEER SPECTRUM 20.5% 700 MHz 3.4–3.8 GHz 26 GHz 5G TRIALS | 5G CITIES 5G spectrum assigned throughout the EU-27 plus the UK* Assigned and usable in 2020 19.6% Fig. 10 | 5G trials in Europe* Assigned but not- usable in 2020 Not assigned 3.6% 76.8% 38.3% 61.7% 3.6% 96.4% 191 5G trials in the 27 MS + UK 138 Future 5G-Enabled cities Number of trials More than 10 Between 5 and 10 Less than 5 Unknown 5G-enabled cities *There are currently 5G trials also in 5 Czech cities Fig. 11 | 5G Commercial launches in Europe 5G COUNTRIES 10 Fig. 12 | 5G planned cross-border corridors in Europe 5G CORRIDORS Countries with 5G commercial service 11 5G Cross-Border corridors Number of trials 5G Commercial service No 5G Commercial service 26 5G Cross-Border corridors