N AT I O N A L C Y B E R S E C U R I T Y ST R AT E GY I V II.15 SECURING COMMUNICATIONS AND DATA THROUGH THE USE OF QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES tum key distribution, QKD). This infrastructure will be developed and implemented at the national level and then integrated into the European infrastructure. The QCI is initially aimed at users in the public sector with the aim of extending it to the private sector. The following potential uses have been identified: - Critical infrastructures (energy, transport, water supply, etc.) - Data centres - Additional level of protection for the “Meluxina” HPC - European Institutions. • In June 2019, Luxembourg signed a cooperation declaration to explore together with the European Commission and the European Space Agency (ESA) the feasibility of implementing a secure communication infrastructure based on quantum technology. This infrastructure will consist of a terrestrial part and a space part. Faced with the threat to the integrity of encrypted communications posed by the power of the quantum computer, the “Quantum Communication Infrastructure” (QCI) could be the answer, enabling the secure exchange of encryption keys (quan- II.16 OPERATIONALISATION OF THE NATIONAL CYBER DEFENCE STRATEGY Luxembourg’s defence force is working to become a point of reference and to strengthen its image as a reliable partner for national entities and international organisations. This long-term objective is supported by strategic objectives such as the cultivation of talent, the strengthening of cooperation in the field of cybersecurity at both national and international level, the integration of Cyber/CIS security in all Luxembourg Defence activities, and research and development. • The Defence Directorate of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs together with the Luxembourg Army have mapped Luxembourg’s cyber defence obligations and national priorities in order to establish a framework to facilitate the transformation of Luxembourg’s defence force into one of the most cyber-secure armed forces by 2030. • By developing cybersecurity capabilities for information and communication systems, 16