2020 Defense of Japan Table of Contents Column Ⅰ Part Chapter 2 Defense Policies of Countries VOICE Establishment of the Space Force …………………………………… 54 Column Changing Military Balance between China and Taiwan ………………… 88 Column North Korea’s nuclear and missile capabilities (Based on the current state of miniaturization and warhead technology of nuclear weapons) ……………104 Voice of SDF Personnel who Participated in Capacity Building for Lao People’s Armed Forces……………………………………………………… 382 VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Engaging in the United Nations Project for Rapid Deployment of Enabling Capabilities (RDEC) (renamed United Nations Triangular Partnership Project [UNTPP]) …………………………… 398 Trends in Military Cooperation Between Russia and China …………………………124 VOICE Voice of an SDF Personnel Engaged in International Disaster Relief Activities in Response to a Large-scale Bushfire in Australia ………………… 401 Column Column Chapter 3 Trends Concerning New Domains including Outer Space, Cyberspace, and Electromagnetic Spectrum, and Relevant Challenges Facing the International Community Column Ⅱ Technology for Coordination between Crewed Aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) ……………………………………………………… 165 Ⅳ Chapter 1 Human Resource Base that Sustains the Defense Capability VOICE VOICE Voice of an Active SDF Reserve Personnel and His Employer ………… 406 Voice of SDF Personnel Studying at Graduate Schools etc. at Home or Abroad ……409 SDF’s Emergency Rations ………………………………………… 410 Column Defensive Memorial Cordons, Defensive Meritorious Badges and Medals for Contribution to Unit Merits …………………………………………………… 410 Column Part Chapter 2 Organizations Responsible for Japan’s Security and Defense Column Duties of the Self Defense Forces ………………………………… 212 Chapter 3 Japan’s Security and Defense Policy Column Acquisition of the F-35B Fighter Aircraft …………………………… 223 Chapter 4 Build-up of Defense Capability, etc. Column Ⅲ Part Capability Enhancement regarding Space, Cyberspace and Electromagnetic Domains as Part of the Buildup of Defense Capability in 2020 ……… 224 Part Chapter 1 Japan’s Own Architecture for National Defense VOICE Voice of Fixed-Wing Patrol Aircraft Crew in Charge of Warning and Surveillance ……………………………………………………… 247 Scrambling against Aircraft Intruding into Territorial Airspace………… 250 VOICE Working at My New Post at the GSDF Miyako Guard ………………… 255 VOICE Activities of Personnel Dispatched to JAXA ………………………… 269 VOICE A Private-ship Captain Who Fought Against COVID-19 Virus Together with SDF Personnel …………………………………………………… 277 VOICE Voice of a Re-employed SDF Personnel and His Employer …………… 413 VOICE VOICE Voice of a Father Enjoying Child Rearing …………………………… 417 Active Participation of Female Personnel …………………………… 420 Chapter 2 Measures on Defense Equipment and Technology Column VOICE Chapter 3 Enhancing Intelligence Capabilities VOICE “Fight against an Invisible Enemy (Novel Coronavirus)”–Achieved Zero Secondary Infections ……………………………………………… 278 VOICE Response to the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) …………… 279 Column A Letter of Thanks from a German Couple ………………………… 280 Launch of the MOD/SDF’s Official Twitter Account (For Disaster Response) …… 284 Use of Drones for Disasters to Convey Information on the Current Status at the Time of Disasters ……………………………………………… 285 Column Column Column VOICE VOICE VOICE Voice of Defense Attachés ………………………………………… 449 Chapter 5 Interaction with Local Communities and Japanese Citizens Column “Disposal of Unexploded Bombs” Contributing to Safety and Security of People …………………………………………………………… 458 Column Addressing Issues of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and other organic fluorine compounds ……………………………………………… 463 VOICE Participating in a National Event (Sokuirei-Seiden-no-gi, Ceremony of the Enthronement of His Majesty the Emperor at the Seiden [State Hall]) … 464 VOICE After the Ceremony to Receive the Olympic Flame ………………… 465 Column Column Development of F-X ……………………………………………… 427 Defense Industry Supporting Build-Up of Defense Capability ………… 439 The Drone Act ……………………………………………………… 467 VOICE Essay Competition: Impressions upon Reading Defense of Japan 2019 … 469 Column Provision of Allergy-Conscious Meals ……………………………… 286 Activities at Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. (TEPCO) during the Disaster Relief in Response to the 2019 Boso Peninsula Typhoon (Typhoon Faxai)…… 287 Participating in Disaster Relief ……………………………………… 288 Participating in Disaster Relief Activities in Response to the 2019 East Japan Typhoon (Typhoon Hagibis) ………………………………………… 288 Engaging in Information Gathering Activities in the Middle East ……… 296 Response from Relevant Industries to the Information Gathering Activities in the Middle East …………………………………………………… 297 Chapter 2 Japan-U.S. Alliance VOICE VOICE Enhancement of Multidimensional Japan-U.S. Bilateral Response Capabilities … 310 Participating in Malabar 2019 ……………………………………… 315 Chapter 3 Security Cooperation Part VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Who Participated in Japan-India bilateral exercise SHINYUU Maitri 19 …………………………………………………………………… 350 VOICE Announcement of “Vientiane Vision 2.0”: Voice of Personnel Who Engaged in its Development …………………………………………………… 351 VOICE Enhancing the Ability of the Armed Forces of the Philippines to Respond to Disasters ………………………………………………………… 354 VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Who Participated in the International Fleet Review to Commemorate the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Navy ……………………………………………… 366 VOICE Voice of the First Official Trip to Pacific Island Countries by State Minister of Defense, One of the political officers of the MOD and Support Staff … 369 Maps in this White Paper may contain omissions depending on the design and layout and may not necessarily show the entire Japanese territory. The period covered by this White Paper is up to the end of March 2020, in principle.