National Information and Communications Technology Policy still lacks a policy framework to guide allocation and efficient utilization of this resource including digital dividend. This, therefore, creates the need to address policy challenges facing frequency spectrum in order to be responsive, transparent and predictable so that the country can reap maximum benefits from the deployment of spectrum. 3.3.1.1 Policy Objectives: To strengthen management and promote efficiency in spectrum allocation and utilization that guarantees availability and competition in both urban and rural areas. 3.3.1.2 Policy Statement The Government shall:i) Ensure availability of spectrum for various uses and allocation that favours public interest; promotes innovation, research and development; strengthens competition and attracts foreign direct investment; ii) Ensure allocation and assignment of commercial spectrum resources that is transparent, competitive, does not confer permanent ownership to users and that sees to it that the allocated resources are used efficiently for sustainable provision of affordable and quality ICT services; iii) Strengthen national capacity of management of spectrum and enhance contribution to regional and international spectrum planning and harmonization in conformity with international standards; iv) Ensure substantial amount of spectrum including digital dividend is dedicated to the government for bridging the digital divide that is necessary for e-service delivery specifically for rural areas. 3.3.2 Issue: ICT Resources The need for ICT resources such as numbering, Internet protocol addresses, domain names and other identifiers have been increasing in line with the increase of ICT subscription of various ICT services and applications. These resources are finite; therefore they need protection and promotion for 25