Skr. 2016/17:213 such as critical infrastructures (availability) and the monitoring of how and when information has been managed and communicated. Some organisations have a need to protect information that is classified with reference to the security of the realm and have a need for communications security. The term communications security refers to the mandatory protection of electronic communications of classified information concerning the security of the realm. The protection level of the communications security systems is dimensioned to meet the threat scenario from other countries’ intelligence services and therefore requires extensive protective measures. Sweden needs to have access to technical expertise in the area of data encryption to guarantee necessary communications security, for ordinary activities and when society is subjected to stress. The maintenance of such national expertise over time is therefore important for safeguarding Swedish security interests in the area. The need for secure data encryption solutions is increasing in pace with digital transformation. The resumption of civil defence planning will also entail a greater need for secure data encryption systems, especially communications security, for the stakeholders in society affected by this planning work. There is also a greater need for communications security to enable developed collaboration with other states and international organisations, particularly within the EU and NATO. To meet this greater need for data encryption solutions, the Government has recognised a need for a national strategy and action plan for secure data encryption systems. In its appropriation directions for 2016, the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration was therefore commissioned to present a detailed proposal for a national strategy and action plan for this, after consultation with the Swedish Armed Forces, FRA and MSB. The Government will work to  implement a national strategy and action plan for secure data encryption systems. Security in industrial information and control systems Objective: Security in industrial information and control systems is to increase. Industrial information and control systems, often termed Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or SCADA, are used in critical infrastructure to control and monitor central physical processes. These control systems (software and computers) are integrated into, and interact with, physical objects. With the emergence of the Internet of Things, there is also a sharp increase in the number of connected control systems in many areas. Both the report Cyber security in Sweden (SOU 2015:23) and the report on a new Protective Security Act (SOU 2015:25) stress the critical infrastructures’ dependence on industrial information and control systems and the importance of maintaining a strong national expertise in the area of control systems. Securing the functionality and security of industrial information and control systems constitutes a very important part both of preventive work and of the management of disruptions to central societal functions, such as the electricity and drinking water supply. Disruptions in areas such as transport systems, industrial production and healthcare are also examples where preventive work is important. Disruptions might have their origin in mistakes of operation or be due to faults in hardware or software, but might also be the result of antagonistic activities. 15