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of visible top-level domains by using country code per capita; Wikipedia articles in state
language per capita, blogs per capita, and Internet Development Indicators (broadband
penetration rates, autonomous information systems per capita, international bandwidth per
capita, number of IPv4 addresses per capita). In international reports27, the content accessibility
rate is calculated according to the agreed algorithms and countries are rated according to the
values of this indicator .
The Republic of Moldova's position is quite weak in terms of online promotion. The
number of web-generic top-level domains per 1000 people in the Republic of Moldova is only
2.0 units compared to 2.9 units/1000 in the CIS and 22.3/1,000 in Central and East Europe
(CEE)28. This speaks about a low presence of local companies and organizations on the Internet,
which is a gap for promoting local digital content and domestic products.
3.3. Low level of "digital literacy" and insufficient use
31. According to the Global IT Report 2012, in terms of people’s skills, the Republic of
Moldova was assessed with 5 points out of 7 possible (65th place out of 142). If in terms of the
digital literacy the country is ranked 44th and in terms of education in mathematics and science is
ranked 69th (4 points out of 7 possible)29, then by the educational system quality, the Republic of
Moldova is ranked 102nd with 3.2 points out of 7 possible, which is among the last 40 countries
included in the report30, which is a matter of concern. Only 14% of population aged between 3544 years and 10% of the population aged between 45 and 54 years are Internet users31.
The Republic of Moldova, as well as all Europe, faces an increase of the ICT skills gap and
a low level of the digital literacy. These drawbacks have consequences like the insufficient use
of the benefits granted by Information Society and even the exclusion of many citizens from the
ICT-based society and economy. On the other side, although the citizens have computers and are
Internet users, many of them do not know even the ICT terminology32, not to mention the entire
use of the benefits offered by the ICT.
A large part of the Republic of Moldova population does not possess digital knowledge
and skills; this fact reduces the opportunities to participate in the global digital economy.
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32. The digital literacy of the population starts from the general education system and
mainly due to:
1) Curriculum adjusted to the economic needs based on knowledge;
2) Teaching staff trained in efficient application of ICT in the educational process;
3) Integration of information technology in the didactic process;
4) Creation of the digital educational contents, including education support throughout the
life.
33. Even though, during the previous years have been undertaken efforts by the
Government in order to implement ICT in general education (800 computer classes in 1997, the
"SALT" program, financial resources to open at least one computer class in every school, the
broadband Internet access and procurement of didactic software), these are not completely
integrated into the didactic process.
Although the equipping level of general educational institutions increased, there is a lack
of management, maintenance and budgeting for computer laboratories and the majority of the
proprietary software programs are not licensed, at the same time the open software is poorly
used. Some sections of the ICT curriculum are outdated and there is no institutionalized process
for its periodical updating.
Graduates of educational institutions do not possess sufficient practical skills to work in an
information society.
There is a shortage of qualified staff: half of computer science teachers have education in
the exact science area and only 3 out of 10 of them graduated computer science. Most of the